蛋白质淀粉样蛋白聚集体：结构和功能,Aggregate

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蛋白质淀粉样蛋白聚集体：结构和功能
Aggregate ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-10 , DOI: 10.1002/agt2.333
Qianhui Xu ₁ , Yeyang Ma ₁ , Yunpeng Sun ₁ , Dan Li _{2,

3} , Xin Zhang ₄ , Cong Liu _{1,

5}

Affiliation

蛋白质淀粉样蛋白聚集已被广泛观察到发生，并在生理过程和病理疾病中发挥重要作用。值得注意的是，由天然蛋白质组装的淀粉样蛋白聚集体获得了多种不同的生物活性，而这些生物活性不能被未组装的蛋白质单独采用。因此，研究蛋白质淀粉样蛋白聚集体自组装的分子基础以及聚集的蛋白质结构如何决定其功能非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们首先介绍了我们对不同淀粉样蛋白如何经历构象转变并组装成淀粉样蛋白聚集体的结构知识，主要关注淀粉样蛋白原纤维，它是淀粉样蛋白聚集体的主要种类。然后，我们详细阐述了淀粉样原纤维的不同结构如何使它们能够在生理或病理条件下实现高度多样化的功能。此外，我们还讨论了淀粉样原纤维的一个非常独特的特征——结构多晶型物，及其对理解淀粉样原纤维的结构与功能关系的意义。最后，我们指出应用和整合新方法对于深化淀粉样原纤维结构功能研究的重要性，并强调设计基于淀粉样原纤维的功能生物纳米材料的应用潜力。

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Protein amyloid aggregate: Structure and function

Protein amyloid aggregation has been widely observed to occur and plays important roles in both physiological processes and pathological diseases. Remarkably, amyloid aggregates assembled by native proteins gain a variety of different biological activities, which cannot be adopted by the unassembled protein alone. Thus, it is important to investigate the molecular basis of self-assembly of protein amyloid aggregates and how the aggregated protein structure determines its function. In the review, we firstly introduce our structural knowledge on how different amyloid proteins undergo conformational transition and assemble into amyloid aggregate, with the main focus on amyloid fibril, which is the major species of amyloid aggregate. Then, we elaborate how different structures of amyloid fibrils enable them to fulfill highly diverse functions in either physiological or pathological condition. Furthermore, we discuss the structural polymorph which is a very unique feature of amyloid fibril, and its implication in understanding the structure-function relationship of amyloid fibrils. Finally, we point out the importance of applying and integrating new approaches for deepening the structure-function study of amyloid fibrils and highlight the potential of designing amyloid fibril-based functional bio-nanomaterials for application.

更新日期：2023-03-10

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