Safety issues induced by infinite anode volume change and uncontrolled lithium (Li) dendrite growth have become the biggest obstacle to the practical application of Li metal batteries. In addition, the traditional rolling method makes it difficult to manufacture thin Li foil with high mechanical strength and low Li content. Herein, a three-dimensional (3D) lithophilic carbon paper/copper (Cu) current collector hybrid anode with ultra-low Li metal content is prepared by a hot-pressing method. The highly reversible and stable lithiophilic layer LiC_x formed in situ by heating/pressing treatment provides abundant nucleation sites and reduces the Li nucleation overpotential, thereby effectively suppressing Li dendrite growth. Moreover, the volume change and pulverization problems of Li metal anode during deposition/stripping also can be accommodated by the 3D skeleton. The optimization effect has been directly confirmed by in-situ optical and ex-situ scanning electron microscope observation. Therefore, highly stable performance (158.4 mA h g⁻¹ at 2 C after 200 cycles with a capacity retention of 95.24%) in Li@LCP-Cu||NCM811 coin cell can be achieved. Furthermore, the solid-state battery assembled with the hybrid anode, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based polymer electrolyte and polyethylene oxide (PEO) interface functional layer also exhibits the best electrochemical and safety performance, which also proves that the Li@LCP-Cu anode has great potential for application in solid-state batteries.

无限大的负极体积变化和不受控制的锂（Li）枝晶生长引发的安全问题已成为锂金属电池实际应用的最大障碍。此外，传统的轧制方法难以制造出机械强度高、锂含量低的薄锂箔。在此，通过热压法制备了具有超低金属锂含量的三维 (3D) 亲石碳纸/铜 (Cu) 集电器混合负极。原位形成高度可逆且稳定的亲锂层_LiCx通过加热/加压处理提供丰富的成核位点，降低Li的成核过电位，从而有效抑制Li枝晶的生长。此外，3D骨架也可以解决锂金属负极在沉积/剥离过程中的体积变化和粉碎问题。优化效果已通过原位光学和非原位扫描电子显微镜观察直接证实。因此，高度稳定的性能（158.4 mA hg ^-1在 2 C 条件下 200 次循环后，Li@LCP-Cu||NCM811 纽扣电池的容量保持率为 95.24%。此外，混合负极、聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）基聚合物电解质和聚环氧乙烷（PEO）界面功能层组装的固态电池也表现出最好的电化学和安全性能，这也证明了Li@ LCP-Cu负极在固态电池中具有巨大的应用潜力。