In this work, CeO₂@g-C₃N₄ double-shelled hollow spheres were skillfully synthesized as a novel type self-enhanced electrochemiluminescent (ECL) emitter by a highly efficient outside-in hard template method. Thanks to its great catalytic ability, CeO₂ were served as a co-reaction accelerator for improving ECL performance of the hollow g-C₃N₄ spheres (HCNSs)/S₂O₈²⁻ system. In addition, the self-enhanced ECL emitter is designed as a complex containing a co-reaction accelerator and a luminophore to shorten the electron transfer path, which decreases the energy loss of the luminophore significantly. More importantly, the unique double-shelled hollow structure not only greatly decreases the inner filtering effect, but also maximizes the utilization efficiency of the ECL luminophores by increasing a CeO₂ shell inside the HCNSs as co-reaction accelerator, effectively enhancing the ECL intensity. Under the optimal conditions, the designed ECL immunosensor showed excellent performance in the determination of CA19-9 with a linear range of 0.50 mU mL⁻¹ –500.00 U mL⁻¹ and a low detection limit of 0.039 mU mL⁻¹. Importantly, the resulting biosensor has good stability, high sensitivity and reliable reproducibility, suggesting its potential application in clinical research.

在这项工作中，CeO ₂ @gC ₃ N ₄双壳空心球通过高效的由外而内的硬模板法巧妙地合成为新型自增强电化学发光（ECL）发射体。由于其强大的催化能力，CeO ₂被用作共反应促进剂，用于改善空心 gC ₃ N ₄球体 (HCNSs)/S ₂ O ₈ ^{2−的 ECL 性能}系统。此外，自增强ECL发射器设计为包含共反应加速器和发光体的复合物，以缩短电子传递路径，显着降低发光体的能量损失。_{更重要的是，独特的双壳中空结构不仅大大降低了内部过滤效应，而且通过在HCNSs内部增加一个CeO 2}壳作为共反应促进剂，最大限度地提高了ECL发光体的利用效率，有效提高了ECL强度。在最佳条件下，设计的ECL免疫传感器在测定CA19-9时表现出优异的性能，线性范围为0.50 mU mL ^-1 –500.00 U mL ^-1，检测下限为0.039 mU mL ^-1. 重要的是，所得生物传感器具有良好的稳定性、高灵敏度和可靠的重现性，表明其在临床研究中的潜在应用。