Abstract

Sesquiterpenoids constitute the largest subgroup of terpenoids that have numerous applications in pharmaceutical, flavor, and fragrance industries as well as biofuels. Bergamotenes, a type of bicyclic sesquiterpenes, are found in plants, insects, and fungi with α-trans-bergamotene as the most abundant compound. Bergamotenes and their related structures (Bergamotane sesquiterpenoids) have been shown to possess diverse biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and insecticidal effects. However, studies on their biotechnological potential are still limited. This review compiles the characteristics of bergamotenes and their related structures in terms of occurrence, biosynthesis pathways, and biological activities. It further discusses their functionalities and potential applications in pharmaceutical, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and pest management sectors. This review also opens novel perspectives in identifying and harnessing bergamotenes for pharmaceutical and agricultural purposes.

摘要

倍半萜类化合物构成最大的萜类化合物亚群，在制药、香精和香料工业以及生物燃料中具有广泛的应用。佛手柑是一种双环倍半萜烯，存在于植物、昆虫和真菌中，其中 α-反式佛手柑是最丰富的化合物。佛手柑及其相关结构（佛手柑倍半萜类化合物）已被证明具有多种生物活性，例如抗氧化、抗炎、免疫抑制、细胞毒性、抗菌、抗糖尿病和杀虫作用。然而，对其生物技术潜力的研究仍然有限。本综述从发生、生物合成途径和生物活性等方面对佛手柑烯及其相关结构的特征进行了综述。它进一步讨论了它们在制药、保健品、药妆品和害虫管理领域的功能和潜在应用。这篇综述还为识别和利用佛手柑用于制药和农业目的开辟了新的视角。