Metamaterials (MMs) with artificial structures have extraordinary physical properties that cannot be found in traditional materials. MMs with electromagnetic wave absorption (MMAs) can be prepared through the structural design and arrangement of unit structures with special physical properties. These unit structures at the subwavelength scale are fundamental for MMAs to surpass the performance limits of bulk materials, so the matching of manufacturing processes is particularly important. The rapidly developing three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has shown great advantages and potential in manufacturing complex materials and structures, providing a simple, rapid, and efficient manufacturing method for researching and preparing MMAs. In this review, we introduce the concept and development of MMAs and focus on the research status of using 3D printing technology to manufacture MMAs. Furthermore, we briefly introduce their typical applications, discuss the inadequacies of the current development of MMs and the limitations of 3D printing technology in preparing MMAs, and propose the prospects for developing the combination of MMs and 3D printing.

具有人工结构的超材料 (MM) 具有传统材料所不具备的非凡物理特性。通过结构设计和排列具有特殊物理性能的单元结构，可以制备具有电磁波吸收（MMAs）的MMs。这些亚波长尺度的单元结构是MMAs超越大块材料性能极限的基础，因此制造工艺的匹配尤为重要。快速发展的三维（3D）打印技术在制造复杂材料和结构方面显示出巨大的优势和潜力，为研究和制备MMAs提供了一种简单、快速、高效的制造方法。在这篇评论中，我们介绍了MMAs的概念和发展，重点介绍了利用3D打印技术制造MMAs的研究现状。此外，我们简要介绍了它们的典型应用，讨论了当前MMs发展的不足和3D打印技术在制备MMAs方面的局限性，并提出了发展MMs和3D打印结合的前景。