Deciphering the Roles of MA-Based Volatile Additives for α-FAPbI3 to Enable Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells,Journal of the American Chemical Society

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Deciphering the Roles of MA-Based Volatile Additives for α-FAPbI3 to Enable Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-06 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13566
Leyu Bi _{1,

2,

3} , Qiang Fu _{1,

2,

3} , Zixin Zeng ₁ , Yunfan Wang ₁ , Francis R Lin _{1,

2,

3} , Yuanhang Cheng ₄ , Hin-Lap Yip _{1,

2,

3} , Sai Wing Tsang ₁ , Alex K-Y Jen _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Functional additives that can interact with the perovskite precursors to form the intermediate phase have been proven essential in obtaining uniform and stable α-FAPbI₃ films. Among them, Cl-based volatile additives are the most prevalent in the literature. However, their exact role is still unclear, especially in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we have systematically studied the functions of Cl-based volatile additives and MA-based additives in formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI₃)-based inverted PSCs. Using in situ photoluminescence, we provide clear evidence to unravel the different roles of volatile additives (NH₄Cl, FACl, and MACl) and MA-based additives (MACl, MABr, and MAI) in the nucleation, crystallization, and phase transition of FAPbI₃. Three different kinds of crystallization routes are proposed based on the above additives. The non-MA volatile additives (NH₄Cl and FACl) were found to promote crystallization and lower the phase-transition temperatures. The MA-based additives could quickly induce MA-rich nuclei to form pure α-phase FAPbI₃ and dramatically reduce phase-transition temperatures. Furthermore, volatile MACl provides a unique effect on promoting the growth of secondary crystallization during annealing. The optimized solar cells with MACl can achieve an efficiency of 23.1%, which is the highest in inverted FAPbI₃-based PSCs.

中文翻译：

破译基于 MA 的挥发性添加剂对 α-FAPbI3 的作用，以实现高效的倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池

可以与钙钛矿前体相互作用形成中间相的功能性添加剂已被证明对于获得均匀稳定的 α-FAPbI ₃薄膜至关重要。其中，Cl 基挥发性添加剂在文献中最为普遍。然而，它们的确切作用仍不清楚，尤其是在倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 中。_{在这项工作中，我们系统地研究了基于 Cl 的挥发性添加剂和基于 MA 的添加剂在基于甲脒碘化铅 (FAPbI 3} ) 的倒置 PSC中的功能。使用原位光致发光，我们提供了明确的证据来阐明挥发性添加剂 (NH ₄_{Cl、FACl 和 MACl) 和基于 MA 的添加剂（MACl、MABr 和 MAI）在 FAPbI 3}的成核、结晶和相变中的作用。基于上述添加剂提出了三种不同的结晶路线。发现非 MA 挥发性添加剂（NH ₄ Cl 和 FACl）可促进结晶并降低相变温度。基于 MA 的添加剂可以快速诱导富含 MA 的核形成纯 α 相 FAPbI ₃并显着降低相变温度。此外，挥发性 MACl 对促进退火过程中二次结晶的生长具有独特的作用。_{使用 MACl 优化后的太阳能电池可实现 23.1% 的效率，这是反向 FAPbI 3}基 PSC中最高的。

更新日期：2023-03-06

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