• Bioinspired directional moisture-wicking electronic skin (DMWES) was successfully realized by surface energy gradient and push–pull effect via the design of distinct hydrophobic-hydrophilic difference.

• The DMWES membrane showed excellent comprehensive pressure sensing performance with high sensitivity and good single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator performance

• The superior pressure sensing and triboelectric performance enabled the DMWES for all-range healthcare sensing, including accurate pulse monitoring, voice recognition, and gait recognition.

Electronic skins can monitor minute physiological signal variations in the human skins and represent the body’s state, showing an emerging trend for alternative medical diagnostics and human–machine interfaces. In this study, we designed a bioinspired directional moisture-wicking electronic skin (DMWES) based on the construction of heterogeneous fibrous membranes and the conductive MXene/CNTs electrospraying layer. Unidirectional moisture transfer was successfully realized by surface energy gradient and push–pull effect via the design of distinct hydrophobic-hydrophilic difference, which can spontaneously absorb sweat from the skin. The DMWES membrane showed excellent comprehensive pressure sensing performance, high sensitivity (maximum sensitivity of 548.09 kPa⁻¹), wide linear range, rapid response and recovery time. In addition, the single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator based on the DMWES can deliver a high areal power density of 21.6 µW m⁻² and good cycling stability in high pressure energy harvesting. Moreover, the superior pressure sensing and triboelectric performance enabled the DMWES for all-range healthcare sensing, including accurate pulse monitoring, voice recognition, and gait recognition. This work will help to boost the development of the next-generation breathable electronic skins in the applications of AI, human–machine interaction, and soft robots.

• 通过表面能梯度和推拉效应，通过明显的疏水-亲水差异的设计，成功实现了仿生定向吸湿电子皮肤（DMWES）。

• DMWES膜表现出优异的综合压力传感性能，具有高灵敏度和良好的单电极摩擦纳米发电机性能

• 卓越的压力传感和摩擦电性能使 DMWES 能够实现全方位的医疗保健传感，包括准确的脉搏监测、语音识别和步态识别。

电子皮肤可以监测人体皮肤的微小生理信号变化并代表身体状态，显示出替代医疗诊断和人机界面的新兴趋势。在这项研究中，我们设计了一种基于异质纤维膜和导电 MXene/CNT 电喷雾层结构的仿生定向吸湿电子皮肤 (DMWES)。通过明显的疏水亲水差异设计，通过表面能梯度和推拉效应，成功实现单向水分传递，可自发吸收皮肤上的汗水。DMWES膜表现出优异的综合压力传感性能、高灵敏度（最大灵敏度为548.09 kPa ^-1）、宽线性范围、快速响应和恢复时间。此外，基于DMWES的单电极摩擦纳米发电机可以提供21.6 µW m ^-2的高面功率密度和高压能量收集中良好的循环稳定性。此外，卓越的压力传感和摩擦电性能使 DMWES 能够实现全方位的医疗保健传感，包括准确的脉搏监测、语音识别和步态识别。这项工作将有助于推动下一代透气电子皮肤在人工智能、人机交互、软机器人等领域的应用发展。