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High Electrochromic Performance of Perylene Bisimide/ZnO Hybrid Films: An Efficient, Energy-Saving, and Green Route
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22029 Bowen Tao 1 , Mi Ouyang 1 , Qiqi Hua 1 , Chenwen Kong 1 , Jinlu Zhang 1 , Weijun Li 1 , Ru Bai 2 , Junlei Liu 1 , Xiaojing Lv 1 , Cheng Zhang 1
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22029 Bowen Tao 1 , Mi Ouyang 1 , Qiqi Hua 1 , Chenwen Kong 1 , Jinlu Zhang 1 , Weijun Li 1 , Ru Bai 2 , Junlei Liu 1 , Xiaojing Lv 1 , Cheng Zhang 1
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The composite or hybrid of organic and inorganic materials is one of the common ways to improve the properties of photoelectric functional materials. Perylene bisimide (PBI) derivatives, as large π-conjugated organic small molecules, are a class of photoelectric functional materials with excellent performance. However, there were few reports on PBIs in the electrochromic field due to the difficulty of film-forming caused by their generally poor solubility. Here, water-soluble PBI derivatives (PDI-COOH and PCl-COOH) were synthesized. The hybrid films (ZnO@PDI-COOH/PCl-COOH) formed by the coordination bond and π–π stacking were prepared via a simple solution immersion method. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction as well as scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectrometry results further confirmed the formation of hybrid films. At the same time, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical analyses revealed that the films have reversible redox activity and cathodic electrochromic properties, which can change from orange-red to purple. The ZnO@PDI-COOH hybrid film formed by coordination bonds exhibits fast switching times (1.7 s colored time and 2.6 s bleached time), good stability (retain 92.41% contrast after 2400 cycles), a low driving voltage (−0.6–0 V), and a high coloration efficiency (276.14 cm2/C). The corresponding electrochromic devices also have good electrochromic properties. On this basis, a large-area (100 mm × 100 mm) electrochromic display device with fine patterning was fabricated by using the hybrid film, and the device shows excellent reversible electrochromic performance. This idea of constructing organic–inorganic hybrid materials with coordination bonds provides an effective, energy-saving, and green method, which is expected to promote the large-scale and fine production of electrochromic materials.
中文翻译：
苝双酰亚胺/ZnO杂化薄膜的高电致变色性能：一条高效、节能、绿色的路线
有机和无机材料的复合或杂化是提高光电功能材料性能的常用途径之一。苝双酰亚胺（PBI）衍生物作为大的π共轭有机小分子，是一类性能优异的光电功能材料。然而，由于PBIs普遍较差的溶解性导致成膜困难，因此在电致变色领域的报道很少。在这里，合成了水溶性 PBI 衍生物（PDI-COOH 和 PCl-COOH）。通过简单的溶液浸渍法制备了由配位键和 π-π 堆叠形成的杂化膜 (ZnO@PDI-COOH/PCl-COOH)。傅里叶变换红外光谱和X射线衍射以及扫描电子显微镜，和能量色散光谱结果进一步证实了杂化膜的形成。同时，电化学和光谱电化学分析表明，该薄膜具有可逆的氧化还原活性和阴极电致变色特性，可以从橙红色变为紫色。由配位键形成的 ZnO@PDI-COOH 杂化膜具有快速切换时间（1.7 s 着色时间和 2.6 s 漂白时间）、良好的稳定性（2400 次循环后保持 92.41% 的对比度）、低驱动电压（-0.6-0 V ), 和高着色效率 (276.14 cm2 /C）。相应的电致变色器件也具有良好的电致变色性能。在此基础上，利用杂化薄膜制备了大面积（100 mm×100 mm）精细图案化电致变色显示器件，该器件表现出优异的可逆电致变色性能。这种以配位键构建有机-无机杂化材料的思路提供了一种高效、节能、绿色的方法，有望推动电致变色材料的规模化、精细化生产。
更新日期：2023-02-28
中文翻译：
苝双酰亚胺/ZnO杂化薄膜的高电致变色性能：一条高效、节能、绿色的路线
有机和无机材料的复合或杂化是提高光电功能材料性能的常用途径之一。苝双酰亚胺（PBI）衍生物作为大的π共轭有机小分子，是一类性能优异的光电功能材料。然而，由于PBIs普遍较差的溶解性导致成膜困难，因此在电致变色领域的报道很少。在这里，合成了水溶性 PBI 衍生物（PDI-COOH 和 PCl-COOH）。通过简单的溶液浸渍法制备了由配位键和 π-π 堆叠形成的杂化膜 (ZnO@PDI-COOH/PCl-COOH)。傅里叶变换红外光谱和X射线衍射以及扫描电子显微镜，和能量色散光谱结果进一步证实了杂化膜的形成。同时，电化学和光谱电化学分析表明，该薄膜具有可逆的氧化还原活性和阴极电致变色特性，可以从橙红色变为紫色。由配位键形成的 ZnO@PDI-COOH 杂化膜具有快速切换时间（1.7 s 着色时间和 2.6 s 漂白时间）、良好的稳定性（2400 次循环后保持 92.41% 的对比度）、低驱动电压（-0.6-0 V ), 和高着色效率 (276.14 cm2 /C）。相应的电致变色器件也具有良好的电致变色性能。在此基础上，利用杂化薄膜制备了大面积（100 mm×100 mm）精细图案化电致变色显示器件，该器件表现出优异的可逆电致变色性能。这种以配位键构建有机-无机杂化材料的思路提供了一种高效、节能、绿色的方法，有望推动电致变色材料的规模化、精细化生产。
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