The number of refugees and internally displaced people in 2022 is the largest since World War II, and meta-analyses demonstrate that these people experience elevated rates of mental health problems. This review focuses on the role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in refugee mental health and includes current knowledge of the prevalence of PTSD, risk factors, and apparent differences that exist between PTSD in refugee populations and PTSD in other populations. An emerging literature on understanding mechanisms of PTSD encompasses neural, cognitive, and social processes, which indicate that these factors may not function exactly as they have functioned previously in other PTSD populations. This review recognizes the numerous debates in the literature on PTSD in refugees, including those on such issues as the conceptualization of mental health and the applicability of the PTSD diagnosis across cultures, as well as the challenge of treating PTSD in low- and middle-income countries that lack mental health resources to offer standard PTSD treatments.

中文翻译：

---

难民的创伤后应激障碍


2022 年的难民和国内流离失所者人数是自二战以来最大的，荟萃分析表明，这些人的心理健康问题发生率升高。本综述侧重于创伤后应激障碍 （PTSD） 在难民心理健康中的作用，并包括当前对 PTSD 患病率、风险因素以及难民人群 PTSD 与其他人群 PTSD 之间存在的明显差异的知识。关于理解 PTSD 机制的新兴文献包括神经、认知和社会过程，这表明这些因素的功能可能与以前在其他 PTSD 人群中的作用不完全一样。本综述认识到文献中关于难民 PTSD 的众多辩论，包括关于心理健康的概念化和 PTSD 诊断跨文化的适用性等问题，以及在缺乏心理健康资源以提供标准 PTSD 治疗的中低收入国家治疗 PTSD 的挑战。