Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a semi-arid shrub, native from the Chihuahan desert. This plant produces polyisoprene and resin. Polyisoprene is the main focal point of many researches, from structure to properties. Today, some processes are used to extract polyisoprene under its dry form, using solvent extraction, to produce rubber (used in truck or airplane tires) or as an emulsion, to make latex products by dipping (used in medical gloves, condoms, etc.). This article focuses on guayule resin which has some interesting applications in adhesives, coatings, pharmaceuticals, etc. In order to better know the resin composition and to be able to perform comparisons between varieties or seasons, liquid and gas chromatographic analysis methods have been described, for the groups of molecules composing the resin (polyphenols, guayulins, free fatty acids, di and triacylglycerols, argentatins, alkanes, alkanals, sugars, organic acids). Unlike other articles, this study aims to analyze all components of the same resin; the average composition of a guayule resin is given.