基于吸附的碘和有机碘化物捕获：现状和挑战,Journal of Materials Chemistry A

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基于吸附的碘和有机碘化物捕获：现状和挑战
Journal of Materials Chemistry A ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 , DOI: 10.1039/d2ta09448g
Tingting Pan ₁ , Kaijie Yang ₁ , Xinglong Dong ₁ , Yu Han ₁

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核能是一种可持续发展的低碳能源，在支撑人类社会进步方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。但是，存在与核反应堆运行相关的安全问题。特别是挥发性放射性元素，主要是¹²⁹ I 和¹³¹ I，以分子碘 (I ₂ ) 或有机碘化物（例如CH ₃ I 和 CH ₃ CH ₂I)，对环境和人体健康有害，排放废气前必须清除。使用多孔固体吸附剂捕获放射性碘化合物的吸附过程因其操作简单、维护成本低以及避免使用高腐蚀性溶液而受到广泛关注。尽管致力于开发用于碘捕获的新型吸附剂，但与实际应用相关的某些关键问题却被忽视了。_{这篇综述总结了用于捕获 I 2}和 CH ₃的吸附机制一、着眼于不同的吸附剂要求。本综述还比较了静态和动态评估系统，分析了不同测试条件下的结构-功能关系，并强调了使用适当条件评估吸附剂的重要性。_{此外，还讨论了 I 2}和 CH ₃ I的同时捕获，这非常具有挑战性，但在以前的研究中基本上被忽略了。最后，这篇综述从材料设计和系统评估的角度概述了该领域的挑战和机遇，表明正确设计吸附剂以提供足够的化学吸附位点可能是满足实际应用要求的唯一途径。

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Adsorption-based capture of iodine and organic iodides: status and challenges

Nuclear energy is a sustainable low-carbon energy source that plays an increasingly important role in supporting the progress of human society. However, there are safety issues associated with the operation of nuclear reactors. In particular, volatile radioactive elements, primarily ¹²⁹I and ¹³¹I, in the form of molecular iodine (I₂) or organic iodides (e.g., CH₃I and CH₃CH₂I), are harmful for the environment and human health and must be removed before discharging the off-gas. Adsorption processes employing porous solid adsorbents to capture radioactive iodine compounds have attracted considerable attention owing to their simple operation and low maintenance cost and because they avoid the use of highly corrosive solutions. Despite the efforts devoted to developing novel adsorbents for iodine capture, certain critical issues related to practical applications have been overlooked. This review summarizes the adsorption mechanisms employed to capture I₂ and CH₃I, focusing on the different adsorbent requirements. This review also compares the static and dynamic evaluation systems, analyzes the structure–function relationship under different testing conditions, and highlights the importance of using appropriate conditions to evaluate adsorbents. Moreover, the simultaneous capture of I₂ and CH₃I is discussed, which is quite challenging but has been largely ignored in previous studies. Finally, this review outlines the challenges and opportunities in this field from the perspective of materials design and system evaluation, indicating that properly designing adsorbents to provide sufficient chemisorption sites may be the only way to meet the practical application requirements.

更新日期：2023-03-01

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