用于癌症放射免疫治疗的辐射诱导的免疫原性细胞死亡,Small Methods

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用于癌症放射免疫治疗的辐射诱导的免疫原性细胞死亡
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-21 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201401
Teng Liu ₁ , Pei Pei ₁ , Wenhao Shen ₁ , Lin Hu ₁ , Kai Yang ₁

Affiliation

在癌症治疗中，传统的放射治疗（RT）通常在局部肿瘤中进行，并受到放射抗性的限制，而最近出现的免疫疗法则面临反应率低、成本高、细胞因子释放综合征等问题。从逻辑上讲，将这两种治疗方式结合到放射免疫疗法中有望相互补充，以高特异性、高效性和安全性全身消除癌细胞。特别是，RT 诱导的免疫原性细胞死亡 (ICD) 在放射免疫疗法中起着不可或缺的作用，以唤起针对癌症的全身免疫反应，包括提高肿瘤抗原的免疫力、募集和激活抗原呈递细胞以及启动细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞进行肿瘤浸润和转移。癌细胞根除。本综述首先回顾了ICD的起源和概念，总结了与损伤相关的主要分子模式和信号通路，并强调了 RT 诱导的 ICD 的特征。随后，从增强放疗本身、与其他治疗相结合以及刺激整体免疫系统的角度回顾了增强放疗诱导的放射免疫治疗 ICD 的治疗策略。在这些已发表的研究和潜在机制的基础上，这项工作试图预测 RT 诱导的 ICD 增强的可能方向，以促进临床应用。并刺激整体免疫系统。在这些已发表的研究和潜在机制的基础上，这项工作试图预测 RT 诱导的 ICD 增强的可能方向，以促进临床应用。并刺激整体免疫系统。在这些已发表的研究和潜在机制的基础上，这项工作试图预测 RT 诱导的 ICD 增强的可能方向，以促进临床应用。

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Radiation-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death for Cancer Radioimmunotherapy

In cancer treatment, traditional radiotherapy (RT) is routinely conducted in local tumors and limited by radioresistance, while recently emerged immunotherapy is confronted with low response rate, high cost, and cytokine release syndrome. Logically, the combination of the two therapeutic modalities into radioimmunotherapy is promising to complement with each other for systemic elimination of cancer cells with high specificity, efficiency, and safety. Especially, RT-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) plays an imperative role in radioimmunotherapy to evoke systemic immune response against cancer, including elevating the immunity of tumor antigens, recruiting and activating antigen-presenting cells, and priming cytotoxic T lymphocytes for tumoral infiltration and cancer cell eradication. This review first retrospects the origin and concept of ICD, summarizes the major damage-associated molecular patterns and signaling pathways, and highlights the characteristics of RT-induced ICD. Subsequently, therapeutic strategies enhancing RT-induced ICD for radioimmunotherapy are reviewed from the perspectives of enhancing RT itself, combination with other treatments, and stimulating the holistic immune system. On the basis of these published research and underlying mechanism, this work attempts to forecast possible directions for RT-induced ICD enhancement to promote clinical applications.

更新日期：2023-02-21

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