Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which have been a focus of emerging photovoltaic techniques and show great potential for commercialization. However, the upscaling of small-area PSCs to large-area solar modules to meet the demands of practical applications remains a significant challenge. The scalable production of high-quality perovskite films by a simple, reproducible process is crucial for resolving this issue. Furthermore, the crystallization behavior in the solution-processed fabrication of perovskite films can be strongly influenced by the physicochemical properties of the precursor inks, which are significantly affected by the employed solvents and their interactions with the solutes. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of solvent engineering for fabricating perovskite films over large areas is urgently required. In this paper, we first analyze the role of solvents in the solution-processed fabrication of large-area perovskite films based on the classical crystal nucleation and growth mechanism. Recent efforts in solvent engineering to improve the quality of perovskite films for solar modules are discussed. Finally, the basic principles and future challenges of solvent system design for scalable fabrication of high-quality perovskite films for efficient solar modules are proposed.

在过去的十年中，金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）取得了显着进展，它一直是新兴光伏技术的焦点，并显示出巨大的商业化潜力。然而，将小面积 PSC 升级为大面积太阳能组件以满足实际应用的需求仍然是一个重大挑战。通过简单、可重复的工艺大规模生产高质量的钙钛矿薄膜对于解决这个问题至关重要。此外，钙钛矿薄膜的溶液加工制造中的结晶行为会受到前体油墨的物理化学性质的强烈影响，而前体油墨的物理化学性质受到所用溶剂及其与溶质相互作用的显着影响。因此，迫切需要全面了解用于大面积制造钙钛矿薄膜的溶剂工程。在本文中，我们首先分析了溶剂在基于经典晶体成核和生长机制的溶液法制备大面积钙钛矿薄膜中的作用。讨论了最近在溶剂工程方面为提高太阳能电池组件钙钛矿薄膜质量所做的努力。最后，提出了用于可扩展制造用于高效太阳能组件的高质量钙钛矿薄膜的溶剂系统设计的基本原则和未来挑战。讨论了最近在溶剂工程方面为提高太阳能电池组件钙钛矿薄膜质量所做的努力。最后，提出了用于可扩展制造用于高效太阳能组件的高质量钙钛矿薄膜的溶剂系统设计的基本原则和未来挑战。讨论了最近在溶剂工程方面为提高太阳能电池组件钙钛矿薄膜质量所做的努力。最后，提出了用于可扩展制造用于高效太阳能组件的高质量钙钛矿薄膜的溶剂系统设计的基本原则和未来挑战。