<br>纳米酶：定义、活性和机制,Advanced Materials

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纳米酶：定义、活性和机制
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-17 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211041
Mohamad Zandieh ₁ , Juewen Liu ₁

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“纳米酶”用于描述从固定化无机金属络合物、固定化酶到无机纳米颗粒的各种催化剂。这里详细描述了纳米酶的历史，它们大致可分为两种类型。 1型纳米酶是指固定在纳米材料上的催化剂或酶，在2004年以来的前十年中占主导地位。2型纳米酶依赖于无机纳米材料的表面催化性能，是过去十年中的主导类型。纳米酶的定义正在不断发展，基于与酶相同的底物和产物的定义能够涵盖大多数目前声称的纳米酶，尽管它们与其酶对应物相比可能具有不同的机制。更广泛的定义可以激发基于应用的研究，用纳米材料代替酶用于分析、环境和生物医学应用。与酶的比较还需要纳米酶单位的明确定义。描述了定义纳米酶单元的四种方法，并以氧化铁和辣根过氧化物酶活性比较作为每个定义中的示例。越来越多的工作致力于了解纳米酶的催化机制，这为进一步合理设计活性位点提供了基础。最后，讨论了纳米酶领域的未来前景。

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Nanozymes: Definition, Activity, and Mechanisms

“Nanozyme” is used to describe various catalysts from immobilized inorganic metal complexes, immobilized enzymes to inorganic nanoparticles. Here, the history of nanozymes is dvescribed in detail, and they can be largely separated into two types. Type 1 nanozymes refer to immobilized catalysts or enzymes on nanomaterials, which were dominant in the first decade since 2004. Type 2 nanozymes, which rely on the surface catalytic properties of inorganic nanomaterials, are the dominating type in the past decade. The definition of nanozymes is evolving, and a definition based on the same substrates and products as enzymes are able to cover most currently claimed nanozymes, although they may have different mechanisms compared to their enzyme counterparts. A broader definition can inspire application-based research to replace enzymes with nanomaterials for analytical, environmental, and biomedical applications. Comparison with enzymes also requires a clear definition of a nanozyme unit. Four ways of defining a nanozyme unit are described, with iron oxide and horseradish peroxidase activity comparison as examples in each definition. Growing work is devoted to understanding the catalytic mechanism of nanozymes, which provides a basis for further rational engineering of active sites. Finally, future perspective of the nanozyme field is discussed.

更新日期：2023-02-17

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