PVC 材料热处理中短链和中链氯化石蜡的释放机理,Environmental Science & Technology

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PVC 材料热处理中短链和中链氯化石蜡的释放机理
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-17 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07548
Haoran Yu _{1,

2} , Yuan Gao ₁ , Faqiang Zhan ₃ , Haijun Zhang ₁ , Jiping Chen ₁

Affiliation

氯化石蜡 (CPs) 作为增塑剂被大量添加到聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 产品中，在其生命周期中，CPs 可以不断释放，尤其是在热应力下。在这项研究中，采用 PVC 电缆护套作为 PVC 材料的代表性种类，研究短链和中链 CP（SCCP 和 MCCP）在热处理下的释放行为。随着温度升高，CP 的释放百分比遵循类似高斯的曲线。在 80 °C 的未熔化阶段，加热 10 分钟会释放 0.051% 添加的 SCCPs 和 0.029% 添加的 MCCPs。在270℃的熔融阶段，10分钟内短链氯化石蜡和中链氯化石蜡的累积释放率分别达到30%和14%。开发的排放模型表明，材料-气体分配和内部扩散同时控制 CP 的释放。在热处理过程中，CP 的释放会受到 PVC 材料的热膨胀以及断裂和微孔的形成的显着影响。已释放 CP 的同类族谱表明在释放过程中对 SCCP 有轻微的分馏作用。此外，还初步评估了聚氯乙烯产品全生命周期中CPs的释放风险。

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Release Mechanism of Short- and Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins from PVC Materials under Thermal Treatment

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) as plasticizers are massively added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products, during whose life cycle CPs can be continuously released especially under thermal stress. In this study, a PVC cable sheath was adopted as a representative kind of PVC material to investigate the release behaviors of short- and medium-chain CPs (SCCPs and MCCPs) under thermal treatment. Release percentages of CPs with increasing temperature followed a Gaussian-like curve. At the unmolten stage of 80 °C, heating for 10 min caused 0.051% of added SCCPs and 0.029% of added MCCPs to be released. At the molten stage of 270 °C, accumulative release rates of SCCPs and MCCPs within 10 min were up to 30 and 14%, respectively. The developed emission model indicated that material-gas partitioning and internal diffusion simultaneously governed the release of CPs. During thermal treatment, the release of CPs could be remarkably affected by the thermal expansion of the PVC material and the formation of breakage and micropores. Congener group profiles of released CPs indicated a slight fractionation effect for SCCPs during the release process. Furthermore, the release risk of CPs from the whole life cycle of PVC products was preliminarily evaluated.

更新日期：2023-02-17

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