A ten-fold higher specific capacity than commercial graphite anodes makes lithium metal anodes extremely attractive for rechargeable battery applications. However, the safety concerns associated with lithium dendrites represent a major barrier to the practical application of lithium metal batteries. Over the past decades, several mechanisms for the growth of lithium dendrites have been proposed from different perspectives. This has led to a variety of strategies to protect the lithium metal anode, such as preparation of artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and pseudo-liquid anodes. In this review, we present an overview of protection strategies for lithium metal anodes in terms of preventing lithium dendrite growth and regulating lithium deposition behaviours or healing the existing lithium dendrites. Firstly, the mechanisms of dendrite growth and anode corrosion are summarized and compared to better understand the lithium-ion deposition behaviours, which is critical for theoretically guiding the exploration of highly stable lithium anodes. Subsequently, the potential for integrating different strategies is discussed to combine and make full use of the advantages of each strategy, which can facilitate the development of emerging strategies and the improvement of established ones. The availability of the proposed strategies will further narrow the gap between experimental research and the commercial application of rechargeable lithium metal batteries.

比商业石墨阳极高十倍的比容量使锂金属阳极对可充电电池应用极具吸引力。然而，与锂枝晶相关的安全问题是锂金属电池实际应用的主要障碍。在过去的几十年里，人们从不同的角度提出了几种锂枝晶生长的机制。这导致了保护锂金属负极的多种策略，例如制备人造固体电解质界面（SEI）和伪液体负极。在这篇综述中，我们从防止锂枝晶生长和调节锂沉积行为或修复现有锂枝晶方面概述了锂金属负极的保护策略。首先，总结并比较了枝晶生长和阳极腐蚀的机制，以更好地理解锂离子沉积行为，这对于从理论上指导高稳定性锂阳极的探索至关重要。随后，讨论了整合不同策略以结合和充分利用每种策略的优势的潜力，这可以促进新兴策略的发展和既有策略的改进。所提出策略的可用性将进一步缩小实验研究与可充电锂金属电池商业应用之间的差距。随后，讨论了整合不同策略以结合和充分利用每种策略的优势的潜力，这可以促进新兴策略的发展和既有策略的改进。所提出策略的可用性将进一步缩小实验研究与可充电锂金属电池商业应用之间的差距。随后，讨论了整合不同策略以结合和充分利用每种策略的优势的潜力，这可以促进新兴策略的发展和既有策略的改进。所提出策略的可用性将进一步缩小实验研究与可充电锂金属电池商业应用之间的差距。