Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe mental disorder causing high individual and societal costs. The use of maladaptive emotion regulation (ER) strategies has been identified as a potential contributing factor. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the associations between PTSD symptoms and rumination, thought suppression and experiential avoidance. The systematic literature search resulted in 5574 studies, 75 of which were included in the analysis. From those eligible studies 189 effect sizes were obtained. For symptoms of posttraumatic stress, large effects were found for associations with rumination (r = .52) and experiential avoidance (r = .48), whereas a medium effect size was found for thought suppression (r = .29). With respect to different PTSD symptom clusters, associations ranged between r = .35 and r = .41 for associations with intrusive re-experiencing, between r = .39 and r = .41 for associations with avoidance, between r = .50 and r = .53 for associations with alterations in cognitions and mood and between r = .41 and r = .45 for associations with alterations in arousal and activity. Few available studies provide some evidence that associations might be somewhat reduced but still substantial in longitudinal compared to cross-sectional studies. These findings provide valuable targets for future investigations with the long-term goal of improving targeted interventions for the prevention and treatment of PTSD symptoms.

创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 是一种严重的精神障碍，会导致高昂的个人和社会成本。使用不良情绪调节 (ER) 策略已被确定为一个潜在的促成因素。这项荟萃分析旨在量化 PTSD 症状与沉思、思想抑制和经验性回避之间的关联。系统的文献检索产生了 5574 项研究，其中 75 项被纳入分析。从这些符合条件的研究中获得了 189 个效应值。对于创伤后应激症状，发现与反刍 (r = .52) 和经验性回避 (r = .48) 的关联有较大影响，而与思想抑制 (r = .29) 的关联影响中等。对于不同的 PTSD 症状群，相关性介于 r = .35 和 r = . 41 对于与侵入性重新体验的关联，对于与回避的关联，在 r = .39 和 r = .41 之间，对于与认知和情绪改变的关联，在 r = .50 和 r = .53 之间，在 r = .41 和 r 之间= .45 与觉醒和活动改变的关联。很少有可用的研究提供一些证据表明与横断面研究相比，纵向关联可能有所减少但仍然很大。这些发现为未来的调查提供了有价值的目标，其长期目标是改进预防和治疗 PTSD 症状的针对性干预措施。45 与觉醒和活动的改变有关。很少有可用的研究提供一些证据表明与横断面研究相比，纵向关联可能有所减少但仍然很大。这些发现为未来的调查提供了有价值的目标，其长期目标是改进预防和治疗 PTSD 症状的针对性干预措施。45 与觉醒和活动的改变有关。很少有可用的研究提供一些证据表明与横断面研究相比，纵向关联可能有所减少但仍然很大。这些发现为未来的调查提供了有价值的目标，其长期目标是改进预防和治疗 PTSD 症状的针对性干预措施。