OBJECTIVE Although there are many lab-based studies demonstrating the utility of confidence and decision time as indicators of eyewitness accuracy, there is almost no research on how well these variables function for lineups in the real world. In two experiments, we examined confidence and decision time associated with real lineups that had been conducted using research-based recommendations. HYPOTHESES We expected that how confident an eyewitness sounded and how quickly that eyewitness made their identification would be associated with whether that eyewitness identified a suspect or a filler. We also hypothesized that people's interpretations of eyewitness confidence could be easily influenced by additional, biasing information. METHOD Using audio recordings of these lineups, we examined (a) participants' subjective ratings of how confident an eyewitness sounded at the time of the identification and (b) objective data regarding how quickly the eyewitness made the identification decision. We also manipulated what additional information, if any, participants received in Experiment 2. RESULTS In both experiments, decision time and confidence predicted whether the eyewitnesses identified the suspect or a known-innocent filler, and when decision time and confidence diverged, it is likely that the eyewitness identified a filler. In Experiment 2, we found that people's interpretations of eyewitness's confidence statements could be biased. When observers believed that the witness picked a filler rather than a suspect, or vice versa, this changed how confident they thought the witness sounded. CONCLUSIONS Confidence and decision time should both be collected when administering real lineups, but objective decision time data may be the most useful because people's perceptions of confidence are easily altered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

目击者的置信度和决策时间反映了实际警察阵容中的识别准确性。

目标 尽管有许多基于实验室的研究证明了置信度和决策时间作为目击者准确性指标的效用，但几乎没有研究这些变量在现实世界中对阵容的作用如何。在两个实验中，我们检查了与使用基于研究的建议进行的真实阵容相关的置信度和决策时间。假设我们预计目击者听起来有多自信以及目击者进行身份识别的速度将与目击者是否指认了嫌疑人或填充物有关。我们还假设人们对目击者信心的解释很容易受到额外的、有偏见的信息的影响。方法 使用这些阵容的录音，我们检查了（a）参与者对目击者在辨认时听起来有多自信的主观评分，以及（b）关于目击者做出辨认决定的速度的客观数据。我们还操纵了参与者在实验 2 中收到的附加信息（如果有的话）。 结果 在这两个实验中，决策时间和置信度预测了目击者是否识别出嫌疑人或已知无辜的填充者，并且当决策时间和置信度出现分歧时，很可能目击者发现了填充物。在实验2中，我们发现人们对目击者信心陈述的解释可能存在偏差。当观察者相信证人选择了填充物而不是嫌疑人时，反之亦然，这改变了他们对证人听起来的自信程度。结论 在管理真实阵容时，应该收集信心和决策时间，但客观的决策时间数据可能是最有用的，因为人们对信心的看法很容易改变。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。