Microbial therapy has shown remarkable clinical success. However, insufficient colonization of transplanted microbes at the location of interest and the complexity of mechanisms and targets always lead to unpredictable therapeutic responses or even a failed treatment. Here, wrapping with an adhesive drug-loadable nanocoating is reported to encode bacterial colonization and therapeutic modality. Encoded bacteria show universal robust colonization on a wide variety of murine and porcine biointerfaces, ranging from the skin to the mucosae of the intestine, vagina, trachea, and nose. In addition, coating endows bacteria with editable therapeutic modality of carrying different cargoes, including small molecular berberine and doxorubicin as well as macromolecular proteins and antibodies, to enable multimodal therapy. During in vivo studies, following oral ingestion encoded bacteria demonstrate significantly improved intestinal colonization and synergistically enhanced treatment efficacy in two murine models of intestinal infection and colitis. This work discloses that bacterial colonization and modality can be encoded by single-cell coating, proposing a versatile platform for advanced microbial therapy.

微生物疗法已显示出显着的临床成功。然而，移植微生物在感兴趣位置的定植不足以及机制和靶点的复杂性总是导致不可预测的治疗反应甚至治疗失败。在这里，据报道，用粘合剂载药纳米涂层包裹可以编码细菌定植和治疗方式。编码的细菌在各种鼠类和猪的生物界面上表现出普遍的稳健定植，从皮肤到肠道、阴道、气管和鼻子的粘膜。此外，涂层赋予细菌携带不同货物的可编辑治疗方式，包括小分子黄连素和多柔比星以及大分子蛋白质和抗体，以实现多模式治疗。在体内研究期间，口服摄入编码细菌后，在肠道感染和结肠炎的两种小鼠模型中，肠道定植显着改善，协同增强治疗效果。这项工作揭示了细菌定植和模式可以通过单细胞涂层进行编码，为高级微生物治疗提出了一个多功能平台。