薯蓣皂苷元的生物合成基因表达及组织分布,Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

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薯蓣皂苷元的生物合成基因表达及组织分布
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08478
Keita Onoda ₁ , Mai Kato ₁ , Yuta Tsunematsu ₁ , Fumihiro Eto ₂ , Michio Sato ₁ , Yasukiyo Yoshioka ₁ , Takuya Yoshida ₁ , Kentaro Tamura ₁ , Ikuko Yao ₂ , Hideo Dohra ₃ , Kenji Watanabe ₁ , Noriyuki Miyoshi ₁

Affiliation

薯蓣皂苷元是薯蓣皂苷的糖苷配基，薯蓣皂苷是一种主要的生物活性甾体皂苷，存在于植物中，包括喜马拉雅重楼 ( Paris polyphylla )、胡芦巴 ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ) 和山药 ( Dioscorea spp.)。我们之前已经证明，一种天然山药Dioscorea japonica含有一种很有前途的生物活性化合物薯蓣皂甙元，可诱导抗癌和抗高三酰甘油血症活性。在这里，我们首次发现日本山药 ( D. japonica ) 的鳞茎比可食用的块茎 (根茎) 和叶子富含薯蓣皂苷元。LC-MS 和成像-MS 分析显示薯蓣皂苷元在日本紫花的外围区域积累珠芽。此外，我们对粳稻进行了 RNA-seq 分析，并通过多序列比对鉴定了粳稻CYP90 ( Dj CYP90)，即多叶紫菜中 CYP90G4 的直系同源基因，黄芪中的 CYP90B50基因，姜黄薯蓣中的CYP90G6 基因，和Dioscorea villosa中的 CYP90G ，它编码一种薯蓣皂苷元生物合成限速酶。Dj CYP90的表达水平在D. japonica珠芽中比在其根茎和叶片中显着上调。由于薯蓣皂甙元是最有前途的功能性食品因子之一，具有多种有利的生物活性，D. japonica bulbils 富含薯蓣皂苷元，将是一种有益的自然资源。

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Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Tissue Distribution of Diosgenin in Dioscorea japonica

Diosgenin is an aglycone of dioscin, a major bioactive steroidal saponin found in plants, including Himalayan Paris (Paris polyphylla), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), and yam (Dioscorea spp.). We have previously demonstrated that a species of natural yam, Dioscorea japonica, contains a promising bioactive compound diosgenin, which induces anti-carcinogenic and anti-hypertriacylglycerolemic activities. Here, we found for the first time that Japanese yam (D. japonica) bulbils are richer in diosgenin than the edible tubers (rhizomes) and leaves. LC–MS and imaging-MS analyses revealed that diosgenin accumulated in the peripheral region of D. japonica bulbils. Additionally, we performed RNA-seq analysis of D. japonica, and multiple sequence alignment identified D. japonicaCYP90 (DjCYP90), the orthologous gene of CYP90G4 in P. polyphylla, CYP90B50 in T. foenum-graecum, CYP90G6 in Dioscorea zingiberensis, and CYP90G in Dioscorea villosa, which encodes a diosgenin biosynthetic rate-limiting enzyme. The expression levels of DjCYP90 were significantly upregulated in D. japonica bulbils than in its rhizomes and leaves. Since diosgenin is one of the most promising functional food factors executing several favorable bioactivities, D. japonica bulbils rich in diosgenin would be a beneficial natural resource.

更新日期：2023-02-08

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