The fabrication of highly acid-resistant nanofiltration (NF) membranes with excellent separation performance via interfacial polymerization remains challenging due to the lack of precise pore architecture manipulation. Herein, novel acid-resistant nanofiltration membranes were fabricated based on benzene-1,3,5-trisulfonyl chloride (BTSC), which holds the characteristic resonant π-backbonding structure and high steric hindrance, by interfacial polymerizing with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and piperazine (PIP) on the polyethersulfone (PES) substrate. The as-prepared PIP-BTSC/PES and PEI-BTSC/PES membranes displayed sub-nanometer pore sizes of 0.62 and 0.65 nm, respectively, with much narrower pore size distribution than the conventional acid-resistant NF membranes. Notably, the PEI-BTSC-H/PES membrane exhibited an MgCl₂ rejection of 95.5 % and a high permeance of 43.5 L h^-1 m⁻² bar⁻¹. Besides, the PEI-BTSC/PES membrane exhibited excellent acid-resistance in the 72-day static acid soaking test and dynamic acid permeation experiment. Density functional theory calculation revealed that the outstanding acid-resistance of BTSC was ascribed to the much higher hydrolyzation energy barrier of the polysulfonamide than conventional polyamide.

通过制备具有优异分离性能的高耐酸纳滤（NF）膜由于缺乏精确的孔结构操作，界面聚合仍然具有挑战性。在此，以苯-1,3,5-三磺酰氯 (BTSC) 为基础，通过与聚乙烯亚胺 (PEI) 和哌嗪的界面聚合，制备了新型耐酸纳滤膜，BTSC 具有特征性的共振 π-背键结构和高位阻(PIP) 在聚醚砜 (PES) 基板上。所制备的 PIP-BTSC/PES 和 PEI-BTSC/PES 膜分别显示出 0.62 和 0.65 nm 的亚纳米孔径，孔径分布比传统的耐酸纳滤膜窄得多。值得注意的是，PEI-BTSC-H/PES 膜表现出 95.5% 的 MgCl _{2截留率和 43.5 L h} ^-1 m ^-2的高渗透率酒吧^-1。此外，PEI-BTSC/PES膜在72天的静态酸浸泡试验和动态酸渗透试验中表现出优异的耐酸性能。密度泛函理论计算表明，BTSC 出色的耐酸性归因于聚磺酰胺比传统聚酰胺具有更高的水解能垒。