Impact hydroforming (IHF), as a novel sheet metal forming technology with the advantages of high strain rate forming and flexible liquid loading, is highly suitable for efficiently manufacturing aluminum complex-shaped sheet parts. In this paper, deformation characteristics of complex sheet parts under IHF are systematically investigated. The mechanical properties of 2024 aluminum alloy under a wide range of strain rates (10⁻³ s⁻¹–3.3×10³ s⁻¹) were studied. It indicated that the elongation of 2024 aluminum alloy was improved by 116.01% under strain rates of 3.306 × 10³ s⁻¹, referring to 10⁻³ s⁻¹. Further, a complex-shaped part with symmetrical and asymmetrical structures was selected. The deformation characteristics of sheet and role of inertial effect under IHF were investigated with well-developed solid–liquid coupling finite element (SLC-FE) model with high accuracy. Differentiating deformation tendency is found for symmetrical structure with notably prior deformation at central zone, showing a “bulging” profile at initial forming stage. Whereas, synchronous deformation is presented for asymmetrical structure with a “flat” profile. Additionally, distinctive inertial effect was observed at different positions change for both symmetrical and asymmetrical structures, in which lower values were resulted at their central regions. Meanwhile, the inertial effect evolved with the impacting speed. Specially, larger difference of inertial effect was observed with increasing impacting speed.

冲击液压成形（IHF）作为一种新型钣金成形技术，具有高应变率成形和灵活的液体加载等优点，非常适用于高效制造复杂形状的铝板件。在本文中，系统地研究了 IHF 下复杂板材零件的变形特性。研究了2024铝合金在宽应变率范围（10 ^-3  s ^-1 –3.3×10 ³  s ^-1）下的力学性能。^{这表明在应变速率为 3.306 × 10 3}  s ^-1时， 2024 铝合金的延伸率提高了 116.01% ，参考 10 ^-3  s ^-1. 此外，还选择了具有对称和不对称结构的复杂形状零件。利用成熟的高精度固液耦合有限元 (SLC-FE) 模型研究了 IHF 下板材的变形特性和惯性效应的作用。对称结构存在差异化变形趋势，中心区域先变形明显，在初始成形阶段显示出“鼓胀”轮廓。而对于具有“平坦”轮廓的不对称结构，则呈现同步变形。此外，在对称和不对称结构的不同位置变化下观察到独特的惯性效应，其中在其中心区域产生较低的值。同时，惯性效应随着撞击速度的增加而演变。特别，