Tracing the Century-Long Evolution of Microplastics Deposition in a Cold Seep,Advanced Science

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Tracing the Century-Long Evolution of Microplastics Deposition in a Cold Seep
Advanced Science ( IF 14.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-03 , DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206120
Jing-Chun Feng _{1,

2,

3} , Can-Rong Li _{1,

2,

3} , Li Tang _{1,

2,

3} , Xiao-Nan Wu _{1,

2,

3} , Yi Wang _{4,

5} , Zhifeng Yang _{1,

2,

3} , Weiyu Yuan _{1,

2,

3} , Liwei Sun _{1,

2,

3} , Weiqiang Hu _{1,

2,

3} , Si Zhang _{1,

2,

6}

Affiliation

Microplastic (MP) pollution is one of the greatest threats to marine ecosystems. Cold seeps are characterized by methane-rich fluid seepage fueling one of the richest ecosystems on the seafloor, and there are approximately more than 900 cold seeps globally. While the long-term evolution of MPs in cold seeps remains unclear. Here, how MPs have been deposited in the Haima cold seep since the invention of plastics is demonstrated. It is found that the burial rates of MPs in the non-seepage areas significantly increased since the massive global use of plastics in the 1930s, nevertheless, the burial rates and abundance of MPs in the methane seepage areas are much lower than the non-seepage area of the cold seep, suggesting the degradation potential of MPs in cold seeps. More MP-degrading microorganism populations and functional genes are discovered in methane seepage areas to support this discovery. It is further investigated that the upwelling fluid seepage facilitated the fragmentation and degradation behaviors of MPs. Risk assessment indicated that long-term transport and transformation of MPs in the deeper sediments can reduce the potential environmental and ecological risks. The findings illuminated the need to determine fundamental strategies for sustainable marine plastic pollution mitigation in the natural deep-sea environments.

中文翻译：

追踪冷泉中微塑料沉积的长达一个世纪的演变

微塑料（MP）污染是海洋生态系统面临的最大威胁之一。冷泉的特点是富含甲烷的流体渗漏，为海底最丰富的生态系统之一提供燃料，全球大约有 900 多个冷泉。而冷泉中 MP 的长期演化仍不清楚。这里展示了自塑料发明以来 MP 是如何沉积在海马冷泉中的。研究发现，自20世纪30年代全球大量使用塑料以来，非渗漏区MP的埋藏率显着增加，但甲烷渗漏区MP的埋藏率和丰度却远低于非渗漏区。冷泉面积，表明冷泉中 MP 的降解潜力。在甲烷渗漏区发现了更多的 MP 降解微生物种群和功能基因，支持了这一发现。进一步研究表明，上升流流体渗流促进了MPs的破碎和降解行为。风险评估表明，MPs在深层沉积物中的长期迁移和转化可以降低潜在的环境和生态风险。研究结果表明，有必要确定在自然深海环境中可持续减少海洋塑料污染的基本策略。

更新日期：2023-02-03

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