Soil degradation threatens agricultural production and soil multifunctionality. Efforts for private and public governance are increasingly emerging to leverage sustainable soil management. They require consensus across science, policy, and practice about what sustainable soil management entails. Such agreement does not yet exist to a sufficient extent in agronomic terms; what is lacking is a concise list of soil management measures that enjoy broad support among all stakeholders, and evidence on the question what hampers their implementation by farmers. We therefore screened stakeholder documents from public governance institutions, nongovernmental organizations, the agricultural industry, and conventional and organic farmer associations for recommendations related to agricultural soil management in Germany. Out of 46 recommended measures in total, we compiled a shortlist of the seven most consensual ones: (1) structural landscape elements, (2) organic fertilization, (3) diversified crop rotation, (4) permanent soil cover, (5) conservation tillage, (6) reduced soil loads, and (7) optimized timing of wheeling. Together, these measures support all agricultural soil functions, and address all major soil threats except soil contamination. Implementation barriers were identified with the aid of an online survey among farmers (n = 78). Results showed that a vast majority of farmers (> 80%) approved of all measures. Barriers were mostly considered to be economic and in some cases technological, while missing knowledge or other factors were less relevant. Barriers were stronger for those measures that cannot be implemented in isolation, but require a systemic diversification of the production system. This is especially the case for measures that are simultaneously beneficial to many soil functions (measures 2, 3, and 4). Results confirm the need for a diversification of the agricultural system in order to meet challenges of food security and climate change. The shortlist presents the first integrative compilation of sustainable soil management measures supporting the design of effective public or private governance.

土壤退化威胁着农业生产和土壤的多功能性。私人和公共治理的努力越来越多地出现，以利用可持续的土壤管理。他们需要科学、政策和实践就可持续土壤管理的内容达成共识。这种协议在农艺方面尚不充分；所缺乏的是得到所有利益攸关方广泛支持的土壤管理措施的简明清单，以及关于阻碍农民实施这些措施的问题的证据。因此，我们筛选了来自公共治理机构、非政府组织、农业产业以及传统和有机农民协会的利益相关者文件，以获得与德国农业土壤管理相关的建议。在总共 46 项建议措施中，我们编制了七个最一致的候选名单：(1) 结构性景观元素，(2) 有机施肥，(3) 多样化作物轮作，(4) 永久性土壤覆盖，(5) 保护性耕作，(6) 减少土壤负荷和 (7) 优化的转轮时间。这些措施共同支持所有农业土壤功能，并解决除土壤污染以外的所有主要土壤威胁。借助对农民的在线调查确定了实施障碍（解决除土壤污染以外的所有主要土壤威胁。借助对农民的在线调查确定了实施障碍（解决除土壤污染以外的所有主要土壤威胁。借助对农民的在线调查确定了实施障碍（n = 78). 结果显示，绝大多数农民 (> 80%) 赞成所有措施。障碍主要被认为是经济上的，在某些情况下是技术上的，而知识缺失或其他因素则不太相关。对于那些不能孤立实施但需要生产系统系统性多样化的措施来说，障碍更大。对于同时有益于多种土壤功能的措施（措施 2、3 和 4）尤其如此。结果证实需要农业系统多样化，以应对粮食安全和气候变化的挑战。入围名单首次综合汇编了支持有效公共或私人治理设计的可持续土壤管理措施。