Although the reproductive calendar is the primary tool for measuring contraceptive dynamics in low-income settings, the reliability of calendar data has seldom been evaluated, primarily due to the lack of longitudinal panel data. In this research, we evaluated the reproductive calendar using data from the Performance Monitoring for Action Project. We used population-based longitudinal data from nine settings in seven countries: Burkina Faso, Nigeria (Kano and Lagos States), Democratic Republic of Congo (Kinshasa and Kongo Central Provinces), Kenya, Uganda, Cote d'Ivoire, and India. To evaluate reliability, we compared the baseline cross-sectional report of contraceptive use (overall and by contraceptive method), nonuse, or pregnancy with the retrospective reproductive calendar entry for the corresponding month, measured at follow-up. We use multivariable regressions to identify characteristics associated with reliability or reporting. Overall, we find that the reliability of the calendar is in the “moderate/substantial” range for nearly all geographies and tests (Kappa statistics between 0.58 and 0.81). Measures of the complexity of the calendar (number of contraceptive use episodes, using the long-acting method at baseline) are associated with reliability. We also find that women who were using contraception without their partners/husband's knowledge (i.e., covertly) were less likely to report reliably in several countries.

中文翻译：

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与避孕药具使用报告可靠性相关的特征：评估七个国家避孕日历的可靠性

尽管生育日历是衡量低收入环境中避孕动态的主要工具，但日历数据的可靠性很少得到评估，这主要是由于缺乏纵向面板数据。在这项研究中，我们使用行动绩效监测项目的数据评估了生殖日历。我们使用了来自七个国家九个地区的基于人口的纵向数据：布基纳法索、尼日利亚（卡诺和拉各斯州）、刚果民主共和国（金沙萨和刚果中部省）、肯尼亚、乌干达、科特迪瓦和印度。为了评估可靠性，我们将避孕药具使用（总体和按避孕方法分类）、不使用或怀孕的基线横断面报告与随访时测量的相应月份的回顾性生育日历条目进行了比较。我们使用多变量回归来识别与可靠性或报告相关的特征。总体而言，我们发现几乎所有地区和测试的日历可靠性都处于“中等/显着”范围内（Kappa 统计数据在 0.58 到 0.81 之间）。日历复杂性的测量（避孕药具使用次数，在基线时使用长效方法）与可靠性相关。我们还发现，在一些国家，在伴侣/丈夫不知情的情况下（即秘密地）使用避孕措施的女性不太可能可靠地报告。