Since the 1980s, plastic waste in the environment has been accumulating, and little is known about fungi biodegradation, especially in dry environments. Therefore, the research on plastic degradation technology is urgent. In this study, we demonstrated that Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysposporium), a typical species of white rot fungi, could react as a highly efficient biodegrader of polylactic acid (PLA), and 34.35 % of PLA degradation was obtained during 35-day incubation. A similar mass loss of 19.71 % could be achieved for polystyrene (PS) degradation. Here, we presented the visualization of the plastic deterioration process and their negative reciprocal on cell development, which may be caused by the challenge of using PS as a substrate. The RNA-seq analysis indicated that adaptations in energy metabolism and cellular defense were downregulated in the PS group, while lipid synthesis was upregulated in the PLA-treated group. Possible differentially expressed genes (DEG) of plastic degradation, such as hydrophobic proteins, lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase (Lac), Cytochrome P450 (CYP450), and genes involved in styrene or benzoic acid degradation pathways have been recorded, and we proposed a PS degradation pathway.

自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，环境中的塑料垃圾不断堆积，人们对真菌生物降解知之甚少，尤其是在干燥环境中。因此，对塑料降解技术的研究迫在眉睫。在这项研究中，我们证明了典型的白腐真菌Phanerochaete chrysosporium ( P. chrysporium ) 可以作为聚乳酸 (PLA) 的高效生物降解剂进行反应，并且在 35 天的孵育期间获得了 34.35% 的 PLA 降解率. 聚苯乙烯可实现类似的 19.71% 质量损失（PS）降解。在这里，我们展示了塑料劣化过程的可视化及其对细胞发育的负面影响，这可能是由使用 PS 作为底物的挑战引起的。RNA-seq 分析表明，能量代谢和细胞防御的适应性在 PS 组中下调，而脂质合成在 PLA 处理组中上调。塑料降解可能的差异表达基因（DEG），如疏水蛋白、木质素过氧化物酶（LiP）、锰过氧化物酶（MnP）和漆酶（Lac）、细胞色素P450（CYP450），以及参与苯乙烯或苯甲酸降解途径的基因有被记录下来，我们提出了 PS 降解途径。