Nitrofurazone (NF) is a kind of synthetic antibiotic with teratogenic and carcinogenic properties, which is often residual in animal food, so it is of great significance to detect it with high selectivity and rapid. In this study, a molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was constructed by electropolymerization for the high-specificity, high sensitivity,and rapid detection of NF in milk. By sequentially modifying reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the glassy carbon electrode, the effective surface area and electron transfer ability of the electrode are improved, the double amplification of the electrical signal is realized, and the sensitivity and stability of the sensor are improved. A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is polymerized on the surface of the modified electrode by using NF as a target molecule and o-phenylenediamine (o–PD) as a functional monomer to improve the specific detection ability of the sensor for NF. The experimental conditions (the number of turns of depositing RGO, the thickness of the MIP, the elution time, and the adsorption time) were optimized to attain the best detection performance of the sensor. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to detect NF by redox probe ([Fe(CN)₆]^3−/4−). The constructed sensor exhibited an admirable linear relationship between 5 and 1000 nmol L⁻¹ (R² = 0.9968) and the detection limit was 0.18 nmol L⁻¹ (S/N = 3). Compared to the non-imprinted sensor, the imprinting factor was found to be 3.09. In addition, the sensor also showed excellent repeatability (RSD = 1.17%) and stability, and also showed a good recovery rate in actual sample detection (99.06–101.46%), which is expected to be applied to the detection of other harmful substances in food.

呋喃西林(nitrofurazone, NF)是一种具有致畸、致癌特性的人工合成抗生素，常残留在动物性食品中，因此对其进行高选择性、快速检测具有重要意义。本研究采用电聚合法构建分子印迹电化学传感器，用于牛奶中NF的高特异性、高灵敏度、快速检测。通过在玻碳电极上依次修饰还原氧化石墨烯（RGO）和纳米金（AuNPs），提高了电极的有效表面积和电子传递能力，实现了电信号的双倍放大，灵敏度和稳定性传感器的改进。以NF为靶分子，在修饰电极表面聚合分子印迹聚合物（MIP），o -苯二胺 ( o -PD) 作为功能单体提高传感器对 NF 的特异性检测能力。优化了实验条件（沉积RGO的圈数、MIP的厚度、洗脱时间和吸附时间）以获得传感器的最佳检测性能。差分脉冲伏安法 (DPV) 用于通过氧化还原探针 ([Fe(CN) ₆ ] ^{3− / 4−} ) 检测 NF。^{构建的传感器在 5 和 1000 nmol L −1} ( R ² = 0.9968)之间表现出良好的线性关系 ，检测限为 0.18 nmol L ⁻¹（信噪比 = 3）。与非压印传感器相比，发现压印系数为 3.09。此外，该传感器还表现出优异的重复性（RSD=1.17%）和稳定性，在实际样品检测中也表现出良好的回收率（99.06-101.46%），有望应用于其他有害物质的检测。食物。