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3D-Membrane Stacks on Supported Membranes Composed of Diatom Lipids Induced by Long-Chain Polyamines
Langmuir ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2016-09-20 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02575 Oliver Gräb 1 , Maryna Abacilar 2 , Fabian Daus 2 , Armin Geyer 2 , Claudia Steinem 1
Langmuir ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2016-09-20 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02575 Oliver Gräb 1 , Maryna Abacilar 2 , Fabian Daus 2 , Armin Geyer 2 , Claudia Steinem 1
Affiliation
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Long-chain polyamines (LCPAs) are intimately involved in the biomineralization process of diatoms taking place in silica deposition vesicles being acidic compartments surrounded by a lipid bilayer. Here, we addressed the question whether and how LCPAs interact with lipid membranes composed of glycerophospholipids and glyceroglycolipids mimicking the membranes of diatoms and higher plants. Solid supported lipid bilayers and monolayers containing the three major components that are unique in diatoms and higher plants, i.e., monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), were prepared by spreading small unilamellar vesicles. The integrity of the membranes was investigated by fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy showing continuous flat bilayers and monolayers with small protrusions on top of the membrane. The addition of a synthetic polyamine composed of 13 amine groups separated by a propyl spacer (C3N13) results in flat but three-dimensional membrane stacks within minutes. The membrane stacks are connected with the underlying membrane as verified by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments. Membrane stack formation was found to be independent of the lipid composition; i.e., neither glyceroglycolipids nor negatively charged lipids were required. However, the formation process was strongly dependent on the chain length of the polyamine. Whereas short polyamines such as the naturally occurring spermidine, spermine, and the synthetic polyamines C3N4 and C3N5 do not induce stack formation, those containing seven and more amine groups (C3N7, C3N13, and C3N18) do form membrane stacks. The observed stack formation might have implications for the stability and expansion of the silica deposition vesicle during valve and girdle band formation in diatoms.
中文翻译：
长链多胺诱导的硅藻脂质支撑膜上的3D膜堆叠
长链多胺（LCPA）与硅藻的生物矿化过程密切相关，硅藻发生在被脂质双层包围的酸性隔室的二氧化硅沉积囊泡中。在这里，我们解决了以下问题：LCPA是否以及如何与模仿硅藻和高等植物膜的由甘油磷脂和甘油糖脂组成的脂质膜相互作用。通过散布单层小囊泡来制备固体支撑的脂质双层和单层，其中包含在硅藻和高等植物中独特的三个主要成分，即单半乳糖基二酰基甘油（MGDG），二半乳糖基二酰基甘油（DGDG）和磺基喹喔基二酰基甘油（SQDG）。通过荧光显微镜和原子力显微镜研究膜的完整性，显示出连续的平坦双层和单层，其在膜的顶部具有小的突起。加入由丙基间隔基（C3N13）分隔的13个胺基组成的合成多胺，可在数分钟内形成平坦但三维的膜叠层。如通过光漂白实验后的荧光恢复所证实的，将膜叠层与下面的膜连接。发现膜叠层的形成与脂质组成无关。也就是说，既不需要甘油糖脂，也不需要带负电荷的脂质。但是，形成过程在很大程度上取决于多胺的链长。而短的多胺，例如天然存在的亚精胺，亚精胺，合成的多胺C3N4和C3N5不会引起叠层的形成，而包含七个或更多胺基（C3N7，C3N13和C3N18）的多胺确实会形成膜叠层。观察到的叠层形成可能对硅藻中瓣膜和腰带形成过程中二氧化硅沉积囊泡的稳定性和膨胀有影响。
更新日期：2016-09-20
中文翻译：
长链多胺诱导的硅藻脂质支撑膜上的3D膜堆叠
长链多胺（LCPA）与硅藻的生物矿化过程密切相关，硅藻发生在被脂质双层包围的酸性隔室的二氧化硅沉积囊泡中。在这里，我们解决了以下问题：LCPA是否以及如何与模仿硅藻和高等植物膜的由甘油磷脂和甘油糖脂组成的脂质膜相互作用。通过散布单层小囊泡来制备固体支撑的脂质双层和单层，其中包含在硅藻和高等植物中独特的三个主要成分，即单半乳糖基二酰基甘油（MGDG），二半乳糖基二酰基甘油（DGDG）和磺基喹喔基二酰基甘油（SQDG）。通过荧光显微镜和原子力显微镜研究膜的完整性，显示出连续的平坦双层和单层，其在膜的顶部具有小的突起。加入由丙基间隔基（C3N13）分隔的13个胺基组成的合成多胺，可在数分钟内形成平坦但三维的膜叠层。如通过光漂白实验后的荧光恢复所证实的，将膜叠层与下面的膜连接。发现膜叠层的形成与脂质组成无关。也就是说，既不需要甘油糖脂，也不需要带负电荷的脂质。但是，形成过程在很大程度上取决于多胺的链长。而短的多胺，例如天然存在的亚精胺，亚精胺，合成的多胺C3N4和C3N5不会引起叠层的形成，而包含七个或更多胺基（C3N7，C3N13和C3N18）的多胺确实会形成膜叠层。观察到的叠层形成可能对硅藻中瓣膜和腰带形成过程中二氧化硅沉积囊泡的稳定性和膨胀有影响。
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