Does market access affect information technology by shaping its diffusion and adoption? The introduction of the telephone in Bavaria is used to demonstrate that local and external market access affected both. External connections shortened the diffusion time of exchanges by 3 percent on average, while 4 percent of lines were due to such inter-city communication links. However, relatively stronger local effects from population size and demand for communication services, especially in larger cities, imply that initially, the telephone was primarily a local urban amenity that also became an external communication link when it rolled out to more rural places over time.

市场准入是否通过影响信息技术的传播和采用来影响信息技术？电话在巴伐利亚的引入被用来证明本地和外部市场准入对两者都有影响。外部连接平均缩短了 3% 的交流传播时间，而 4% 的线路是由于这种城际通信链接。然而，人口规模和对通信服务的需求对当地的影响相对较强，尤其是在大城市，这意味着电话最初主要是当地的城市便利设施，随着时间的推移，它也成为了一种外部通信链路，推广到更多的农村地区。