Growing evidence points to a spectrum of non-motor symptoms, including cognitive difficulties that have a greater impact on functional outcomes and quality of life than motor symptoms in cervical dystonia (CD). Some cognitive impairments have been reported; however, findings are inconsistent, and described across mixed groups of dystonia. The current review aimed to examine the evidence for cognitive impairments in CD. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO and Web of Science databases were searched. Studies were included if they met the following criteria (i) cross-sectional or longitudinal studies of adults with CD, (ii) where the results of standardised measures of cognitive or neuropsychological function in any form were assessed and reported, (iii) results compared to a control group or normative data, and (iv) were published in English. Results are presented in a narrative synthesis. Twenty studies were included. Subtle difficulties with general intellectual functioning, processing speed, verbal memory, visual memory, visuospatial function, executive function, and social cognition were identified while language, and attention and working memory appear to be relatively spared. Several methodological limitations were identified that should be considered when interpreting the evidence to describe a specific profile of cognitive impairment in CD. Clinical and research implications are discussed.

越来越多的证据表明颈肌张力障碍 (CD) 存在一系列非运动症状，包括认知困难，与运动症状相比，认知困难对功能结果和生活质量的影响更大。据报道存在一些认知障碍；然而，研究结果并不一致，并且在肌张力障碍的混合组中进行了描述。当前的综述旨在检查 CD 中认知障碍的证据。检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE、PsychINFO 和 Web of Science 数据库。如果研究符合以下标准，则纳入研究：(i) 对患有 CD 的成人进行横断面或纵向研究，(ii) 对任何形式的认知或神经心理功能的标准化测量结果进行评估和报告，(iii) 结果进行比较到对照组或规范数据，并且（iv）以英文发表。结果以叙述性综合的形式呈现。其中包括二十项研究。一般智力功能、处理速度、语言记忆、视觉记忆、视觉空间功能、执行功能和社会认知方面都存在细微的困难，而语言、注意力和工作记忆似乎相对没有受到影响。确定了一些方法学局限性，在解释证据以描述 CD 认知障碍的具体情况时应考虑这些局限性。讨论了临床和研究意义。