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Combined Vacuum Evaporation and Solution Process for High-Efficiency Large-Area Perovskite Solar Cells with Exceptional Reproducibility
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-22 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205027 Liguo Tan 1 , Junjie Zhou 1 , Xing Zhao 1 , Siyang Wang 1 , Minghao Li 1 , Chaofan Jiang 1 , Hang Li 1 , Yu Zhang 1 , Yiran Ye 1 , Wolfgang Tress 2 , Liming Ding 3 , Michael Grätzel 4 , Chenyi Yi 1
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-22 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205027 Liguo Tan 1 , Junjie Zhou 1 , Xing Zhao 1 , Siyang Wang 1 , Minghao Li 1 , Chaofan Jiang 1 , Hang Li 1 , Yu Zhang 1 , Yiran Ye 1 , Wolfgang Tress 2 , Liming Ding 3 , Michael Grätzel 4 , Chenyi Yi 1
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Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites exhibit outstanding performances in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the complex solution chemistry of perovskites precursors renders it difficult to prepare large-area devices in a reproducible way, which is a prerequisite for the technology to make an impact beyond lab scale. Vacuum processing, instead, is an established technology for large-scale coating of thin films. However, with respect to the hybrid perovskites it is highly challenging due to the high vapor pressure of the organic ammonium halide. In this work, vacuum evaporation of lead iodide and solution processing of organic ammonium halide is combined to produce large-area homogeneous perovskite films with large grains in a highly reproducible way. The resulting PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.3% (certified 23.9%) on small area (0.10 cm2), 24.0% (certified 23.7%) on large area (1 cm2) and 20.0% for minimodule (16 cm2), and maintain 90% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h 1-sun operation. The vacuum evaporation prevents advert environmental effects on lead halide formation and guarantees a reproducible fabrication of high-quality large-area perovskite films, which opens a promising way for large-scale fabrication of perovskite optoelectronics.
中文翻译：
具有出色再现性的高效大面积钙钛矿太阳能电池的真空蒸发和溶液组合工艺
有机-无机杂化钙钛矿在钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）中表现出出色的性能。然而，钙钛矿前体的复杂溶液化学使得难以以可重复的方式制备大面积器件，而这是该技术产生超出实验室规模影响的先决条件。相反，真空处理是一种用于大规模薄膜涂层的成熟技术。然而，由于有机卤化铵的高蒸气压，对于杂化钙钛矿来说，它极具挑战性。在这项工作中，碘化铅的真空蒸发和有机卤化铵的溶液处理相结合，以高度可重复的方式生产具有大晶粒的大面积均匀钙钛矿薄膜。由此产生的 PSC 实现了 24.3% 的功率转换效率 (PCE)（通过 23.2 ), 大面积 (1 cm 2 ) 24.0% (认证 23.7%)和 minimodule (16 cm 2 ) 20.0%，并在 1000 小时 1-sun 运行后保持其初始效率的 90%。真空蒸发防止了环境对卤化铅形成的不利影响，并保证了高质量大面积钙钛矿薄膜的可重复制造，这为钙钛矿光电的大规模制造开辟了一条有前途的途径。
更新日期：2023-01-22
中文翻译：
具有出色再现性的高效大面积钙钛矿太阳能电池的真空蒸发和溶液组合工艺
有机-无机杂化钙钛矿在钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）中表现出出色的性能。然而，钙钛矿前体的复杂溶液化学使得难以以可重复的方式制备大面积器件，而这是该技术产生超出实验室规模影响的先决条件。相反，真空处理是一种用于大规模薄膜涂层的成熟技术。然而，由于有机卤化铵的高蒸气压，对于杂化钙钛矿来说，它极具挑战性。在这项工作中，碘化铅的真空蒸发和有机卤化铵的溶液处理相结合，以高度可重复的方式生产具有大晶粒的大面积均匀钙钛矿薄膜。由此产生的 PSC 实现了 24.3% 的功率转换效率 (PCE)（通过 23.2 ), 大面积 (1 cm 2 ) 24.0% (认证 23.7%)和 minimodule (16 cm 2 ) 20.0%，并在 1000 小时 1-sun 运行后保持其初始效率的 90%。真空蒸发防止了环境对卤化铅形成的不利影响，并保证了高质量大面积钙钛矿薄膜的可重复制造，这为钙钛矿光电的大规模制造开辟了一条有前途的途径。
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