Recently, the potential use of nanoparticles for the targeted delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents has garnered increased interest. Several nanoparticle drug delivery systems have been developed for cancer treatment. Typically, protein-based nanocarriers offer several advantages, including biodegradability and biocompatibility. Using genetic engineering or chemical conjugation approaches, well-known naturally occurring protein nanoparticles can be further prepared, engineered, and functionalized in their self-assembly to meet the demands of clinical production efficiency. Accordingly, promising protein nanoparticles have been developed with outstanding tumor-targeting capabilities, ultimately overcoming multidrug resistance issues, in vivo delivery barriers, and mimicking the tumor microenvironment. Bioinspired by natural nanoparticles, advanced computational techniques have been harnessed for the programmable design of highly homogenous protein nanoparticles, which could open new routes for the rational design of vaccines and drug formulations. The current review aims to present several significant advancements made in protein nanoparticle technology, and their use in cancer therapy. Additionally, tailored construction methods and therapeutic applications of engineered protein-based nanoparticles are discussed.

中文翻译：

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用于癌症治疗的定制功能化蛋白质纳米载体：最新进展和前景。

最近，纳米粒子在靶向递送治疗剂和诊断剂方面的潜在用途引起了越来越多的关注。已经开发了几种用于癌症治疗的纳米颗粒药物递送系统。通常，基于蛋白质的纳米载体具有多种优势，包括生物降解性和生物相容性。使用基因工程或化学偶联方法，可以在自组装中进一步制备、工程化和功能化众所周知的天然蛋白质纳米颗粒，以满足临床生产效率的需求。因此，已经开发出有前途的蛋白质纳米颗粒，具有出色的肿瘤靶向能力，最终克服了多药耐药性问题、体内递送障碍，并模拟了肿瘤微环境。受天然纳米粒子的启发，先进的计算技术已被用于高度同质蛋白质纳米颗粒的可编程设计，这可能为疫苗和药物制剂的合理设计开辟新途径。本综述旨在介绍蛋白质纳米颗粒技术及其在癌症治疗中的应用取得的几项重大进展。此外，还讨论了工程化蛋白质纳米粒子的定制构建方法和治疗应用。