A method for sensing trace lead ion (Pb²⁺) in water based on an ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor is developed. Silicon nanowire arrays were first grown, followed by the deposition of gold nanoparticles on the surface to form Au@SiNWAs substrate with an enhanced factor of ∼5.96 × 10⁵. Au@SiNWAs was modified with crystal violet, and the lowest detectable concentration of Pb²⁺ was about 10⁻¹³ M level. There was no obvious interference when other metal ions were present, demonstrating the excellent selectivity for Pb²⁺. The sensor is simple to prepare, and can be used repeatedly.

中文翻译：

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用于定量检测水中痕量Pb2+的表面增强拉曼散射传感器

开发了一种基于超灵敏表面增强拉曼散射传感器的水中痕量铅离子 (Pb ^{2+ ) 检测方法。}首先生长硅纳米线阵列，然后在表面沉积金纳米粒子，形成 Au@SiNWAs 基板，增强因子为 ~5.96 × 10 ⁵。Au@SiNWAs经结晶紫修饰，Pb ²⁺的最低可检测浓度约为10 ^-13 M水平。其他金属离子存在时无明显干扰，表明对Pb ²⁺具有优异的选择性。该传感器制备简单，可重复使用。