Consumption of diets rich in fruits and vegetables, which provide some fat-soluble vitamins and many phytochemicals, is associated with a lower risk of developing certain degenerative diseases. It is well accepted that not only the parent compounds, but also their derivatives formed upon enzymatic or nonenzymatic transformations, can produce protective biological effects. These derivatives can be formed during food storage, processing, or cooking. They can also be formed in the lumen of the upper digestive tract during digestion, or via metabolism by microbiota in the colon. This review compiles the known metabolites of fat-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble phytochemicals (FSV and FSP) that have been identified in food and in the human digestive tract, or could potentially be present based on the known reactivity of the parent compounds in normal or pathological conditions, or following surgical interventions of the digestive tract or consumption of xenobiotics known to impair lipid absorption. It also covers the very limited data available on the bioavailability (absorption, intestinal mucosa metabolism) and summarizes their effects on health. Notably, despite great interest in identifying bioactive derivatives of FSV and FSP, studying their absorption, and probing their putative health effects, much research remains to be conducted to understand and capitalize on the potential of these molecules to preserve health.

食用富含水果和蔬菜的饮食，可以提供一些脂溶性维生素和许多植物化学物质，可以降低患某些退行性疾病的风险。人们普遍认为，不仅母体化合物，而且它们在酶促或非酶促转化过程中形成的衍生物，都可以产生保护性生物学效应。这些衍生物可以在食物储存、加工或烹饪过程中形成。它们也可以在消化过程中在上消化道的腔内形成，或通过结肠中微生物群的新陈代谢形成。这篇综述汇集了已知的脂溶性维生素和脂溶性植物化学物质（FSV 和 FSP）的代谢物，这些代谢物已在食物和人体消化道中发现，或者可能基于母体化合物在正常或病理条件下的已知反应性，或在消化道手术干预或消耗已知会损害脂质吸收的异生素后可能存在。它还涵盖了关于生物利用度（吸收、肠粘膜代谢）的非常有限的可用数据，并总结了它们对健康的影响。值得注意的是，尽管人们对识别 FSV 和 FSP 的生物活性衍生物、研究它们的吸收和探讨它们的假定健康影响很感兴趣，但仍有许多研究有待进行以了解和利用这些分子保持健康的潜力。它还涵盖了关于生物利用度（吸收、肠粘膜代谢）的非常有限的可用数据，并总结了它们对健康的影响。值得注意的是，尽管人们对识别 FSV 和 FSP 的生物活性衍生物、研究它们的吸收和探讨它们的假定健康影响很感兴趣，但仍有许多研究有待进行以了解和利用这些分子保持健康的潜力。它还涵盖了关于生物利用度（吸收、肠粘膜代谢）的非常有限的可用数据，并总结了它们对健康的影响。值得注意的是，尽管人们对识别 FSV 和 FSP 的生物活性衍生物、研究它们的吸收和探讨它们的假定健康影响很感兴趣，但仍有许多研究有待进行以了解和利用这些分子保持健康的潜力。