埃塞俄比亚被认为是高粱的起源和多样性中心 [ Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench]。了解作物的遗传结构对其改良和适当保护很重要。因此,本研究旨在利用12个多态性微卫星标记探索代表5个居群的92个埃塞俄比亚高粱基因型的遗传多样性和居群结构。该研究在整个基因座和种群中产生了总共 77 个等位基因。所有使用的微卫星位点均具有高度多态性,PIC 范围为 0.66 至 0.82,总体平均值为 0.76。该分析证实了 Nei 的基因多样性在 0.71 到 0.84 之间,总体平均值为 0.79,存在高种群内多样性。分子变异分析 (AMOVA) 证实了高遗传分化 (FST = 0.29),其中 90% 的总遗传变异存在于种群内,人口中只剩下 10%。由于存在相当大的基因流 (Nm = 2.13),PCoA、聚类和种群结构并未根据抽样的地理区域将研究种群聚类成遗传上截然不同的聚类。总体而言,所使用的微卫星位点信息丰富,因此是研究高粱遗传结构的有用遗传工具。在五个研究中,来自北贡德尔(Het = 0.75)和南提格雷地区(Het = 0.74)的种群显示出最高的遗传多样性,因此这些地区可以被视为鉴定超级性能基因型的热点,用于高粱育种计划,以及设计适当的种质资源保护策略。由于存在相当大的基因流 (Nm = 2.13),根据抽样的地理区域,种群结构并未将所研究的种群聚类成明显不同的遗传聚类。总体而言,所使用的微卫星位点信息丰富,因此是研究高粱遗传结构的有用遗传工具。在五个研究中,来自北贡德尔(Het = 0.75)和南提格雷地区(Het = 0.74)的种群显示出最高的遗传多样性,因此这些地区可以被视为鉴定超级性能基因型的热点,用于高粱育种计划,以及设计适当的种质资源保护策略。由于存在相当大的基因流 (Nm = 2.13),根据抽样的地理区域,种群结构并未将所研究的种群聚类成明显不同的遗传聚类。总体而言,所使用的微卫星位点信息丰富,因此是研究高粱遗传结构的有用遗传工具。在五个研究中,来自北贡德尔(Het = 0.75)和南提格雷地区(Het = 0.74)的种群显示出最高的遗传多样性,因此这些地区可以被视为鉴定超级性能基因型的热点,用于高粱育种计划,以及设计适当的种质资源保护策略。
"点击查看英文标题和摘要"
Genetic diversity analysis of sorghum genotypes for sustainable genetic resource conservation and its implication for breeding program in ethiopia
Ethiopia is considered to be the center of origin and diversity for sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Knowledge of the genetic structure of the crop is important for its improvement and proper conservation. Therefore, the present study targeted to explore the genetic diversity and population structure of 92 Ethiopian sorghum genotypes representing five populations using 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The study resulted in a total of 77 alleles across the entire loci and populations. All the used microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic with PIC ranging from 0.66 to 0.82 with overall mean of 0.76. The analysis confirmed the presence of high within-population diversity with Nei’s gene diversity ranging from 0.71 to 0.84 with overall mean of 0.79. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) confirmed high genetic differentiation (FST = 0.29) where 90% of the total genetic variation resides within populations, leaving only 10% among populations. The PCoA, clustering, and population structure did not cluster the studied populations into sharply genetically distinct clusters according to their geographical areas of sampling due to the presence of considerable gene flow (Nm = 2.13). Overall, the used microsatellite loci were highly informative and hence, a useful genetic tool to investigate the genetic structure of sorghum. Among the five studied, populations from North Gondar (Het = 0.75) and South Tigray region (Het = 0.74) showed the highest genetic diversity, and hence these areas could be considered as hot spots for identification of supper-performing genotypes to be used in sorghum breeding program, and also for designing appropriate germplasm conservation strategies.