Pulsed laser cladding can intermittently generate thermal accumulation, resulting in a large cooling rate and temperature gradient inside the specimen, thus obtaining a highly dense, high mechanical properties coating. It is extensively applied in the area of aerospace, national defense, steel and metallurgy, etc. The pulsed laser cladding process is a non-equilibrium status of metallurgical solidification and has extremely complex heat transfer, mass transmission and multi-field interaction. The technological parameters influencing cladding mass are diverse and strongly correlated. Therefore, the quantitative evaluation method for the impact parameters during the process of pulsed laser cladding matters a lot. A numerical model of the three-dimensional multi-field coupling of the pulsed laser cladding of Fe60 by a disk laser is developed in this paper. Calculation of the thermal physical parameters of the material on the basis of the CALPHAD methodology, taking into the interaction between the molten pool surface tensile force and the effects of buoyancy force on the liquid metal flow and the transient changes of the molten pool morphology. Furthermore, the multi-physics fields of the cladding process are solved. On this basis, the influencing mechanism of pulse duty cycle, scanning speed, laser energy density, and pulse frequency on the multi-field coupling was analyzed with emphasis. The equations for the parameters with respect to the cladding temperature and temperature gradient of the response surface were established, and the sampling computations were performed to derive the sensitivity of the effect of each parameter on account of the Monte-Carlo method. Utilizing Zeiss-ΣIGMA HD field emission scanning electron microscopy, we observe the microscopic morphology and pulse profile of the cladding layer. Comparing numerical calculations with actual experiments to verify the validity of the model. This study was conducted to provide an excellent rationale for optimizing the cladding quality.