Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) is composed of a glucose moiety attached to ceramides (Cer). GlcCer was reported to reduce the intestinal impairments in vivo and suppress in vitro intestinal inflammation. In this study, to clarify the effect of GlcCer on intestinal impairments in vivo, we compared the effects of shiitake mushroom-derived GlcCer (fungal GlcCer) on the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colon inflammation with those of fungal Cer having the same Cer moiety of the fungal GlcCer. Fungal GlcCer- or Cer-supplemented diets significantly suppressed ACF formation in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated mice. Dietary fungal GlcCer reduced the expression of inflammation-related cytokines and apoptosis-related proteins induced by DMH, whereas dietary fungal Cer hardly reduced their expression upon intestinal injuries. Furthermore, when fungal GlcCer was ingested to the mice, only a small amount of fungal Cer was detected in the feces. These results indicate that the ingested fungal GlcCer might be hardly metabolized to fungal Cer and the GlcCer itself might suppress ACF formation in DMH-treated mice by suppressing intestinal inflammation.

中文翻译：

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膳食真菌葡萄糖神经酰胺和神经酰胺减少 1,2-二甲基肼处理小鼠异常隐窝病灶的形成：葡萄糖神经酰胺和神经酰胺作用的差异

葡糖神经酰胺 (GlcCer) 由连接到神经酰胺 (Cer) 上的葡萄糖部分组成。据报道，GlcCer 可减少体内肠道损伤并抑制体外肠道炎症。在本研究中，为了阐明 GlcCer 对体内肠道损伤的影响，我们比较了香菇来源的 GlcCer（真菌 GlcCer）对异常隐窝病灶（ACF）和结肠炎症形成的影响，以及具有与真菌 GlcCer 相同 Cer 部分的真菌 Cer。真菌 GlcCer 或 Cer 补充饮食显着抑制了 1,2-二甲基肼 (DMH) 处理小鼠的 ACF 形成。膳食真菌 GlcCer 降低了 DMH 诱导的炎症相关细胞因子和凋亡相关蛋白的表达，而膳食真菌 Cer 几乎不降低它们在肠道损伤时的表达。此外，当小鼠摄入真菌 GlcCer 时，在粪便中仅检测到少量真菌 Cer。