Therapeutic modalities and drug formulations play a crucial and prominent role in actualizing effective treatment and radical cures of tumors. However, the therapeutic efficiency was severely limited by tumor recurrence and complex multi-step preparation of formulation. Therefore, the exploration of novel nanoparticles via a simple and green synthesis process for conquering traditional obstacles and improving therapeutic efficiency is an appealing, yet remarkably challenging task. Herein, a universal nanoplatform allows all cancerous cell-targeting, acid-responsive, cell imaging, synergistic chemotherapy, and nucleolar targeted phototherapy function was tactfully designed and constructed by using chemotherapeutic agents ursolic acid (UA), sorafenib (SF), and carbon dots (CDs) photosensitizers (PSs). The designed US NPs were formed by self-assembly of UA and SF associated with electrostatic, π-π stacking, and hydrophobic interactions. After hydrogen bonding reaction with CDs, the obtained (denoted as USC NPs) have a relatively uniform size of an average 125.6 nm, which facilitated the favorable accumulation of drugs at the tumor region through a potential enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect as compared to their counterpart of free CDs solution. Both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the advanced platform commenced synergistic anticancer therapeutic potency, imperceptible systematical toxicity, and remarkable reticence towards drug-resistant cancer cells. Moreover, the CDs PSs possess intrinsic nucleolus-targeting ability. Taken together, this theranostics system can fully play the role of “killing three birds with one stone” in a safe manner, implying a promising direction for exploring treatment strategies for cancer and endowing them with great potential for future translational research and providing a new vision for the advancing of an exceptionally forceful protocol for practical cancer therapy.

治疗方式和药物制剂在实现肿瘤的有效治疗和根治方面起着至关重要和突出的作用。然而，治疗效率受到肿瘤复发和复杂的多步骤制剂制备的严重限制。因此，通过简单和绿色的合成过程探索新型纳米粒子以克服传统障碍并提高治疗效率是一项有吸引力但极具挑战性的任务。在此，利用化疗药物熊果酸（UA）、索拉非尼（SF）和碳点巧妙地设计和构建了一个通用的纳米平台，允许所有癌细胞靶向、酸反应、细胞成像、协同化疗和核仁靶向光疗功能(CD) 光敏剂 (PS)。设计的 US NP 由 UA 和 SF 的自组装形成，与静电、π-π 堆叠和疏水相互作用相关。在与 CDs 发生氢键反应后，所获得的（表示为 USC NPs）具有相对均匀的尺寸，平均为 125.6 nm，与到他们对应的免费 CD 解决方案。两个都 与游离 CD 溶液的对应物相比，它通过潜在的增强渗透性和保留 (EPR) 效应促进了药物在肿瘤区域的有利积累。两个都 与游离 CD 溶液的对应物相比，它通过潜在的增强渗透性和保留 (EPR) 效应促进了药物在肿瘤区域的有利积累。两个都体外和体内研究表明，该先进平台开始发挥协同抗癌治疗效能、难以察觉的系统毒性，并对耐药癌细胞具有显着的抑制作用。此外，CDs PSs 具有内在的核仁靶向能力。综上所述，该诊疗系统能够在安全的情况下充分发挥“一石三鸟”的作用，为探索癌症治疗策略提供了一个有前景的方向，并赋予其未来转化研究的巨大潜力，提供了新的视野。用于推进实用的癌症治疗的极其有效的方案。