Ancient DNA (aDNA) studies have deployed genetic material from archaeological contexts to investigate human dispersals and interactions, corroborating some longstanding hypotheses and revealing new aspects of human history. After drawing the broad genomic strokes of human history, geneticists have discovered the exciting possibilities of applying this method to answer questions on a smaller scale. This review provides an overview of the commonly used methods, both in the laboratory and the analyses, and summarizes the current state of genomic research. It reviews human dispersals across the continents and additionally highlights some studies that integrated genomics to answer questions beyond biology to understand the cultural and societal traits of past societies. By shining a light from multiple angles, we gain a much better understanding of the real shape of the human past.

中文翻译：

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古代基因组研究 - 从广泛的笔触到对过去的细微重建。

古代 DNA (aDNA) 研究利用考古环境中的遗传物质来研究人类的传播和相互作用，证实了一些长期存在的假设并揭示了人类历史的新方面。在绘制了人类历史的广泛基因组图之后，遗传学家发现了应用这种方法来回答较小规模问题的令人兴奋的可能性。本综述概述了实验室和分析中常用的方法，并总结了基因组研究的现状。它回顾了人类在各大洲的传播，并另外强调了一些研究，这些研究整合了基因组学来回答生物学以外的问题，以了解过去社会的文化和社会特征。通过从多个角度照射光线，