铜绿假单胞菌金属载体的综述：Pyoverdine、Pyochelin 和 Pseudopaline,Biology

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铜绿假单胞菌金属载体的综述：Pyoverdine、Pyochelin 和 Pseudopaline
Biology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-28 , DOI: 10.3390/biology11121711
Ghassan Ghssein ₁ , Zeinab Ezzeddine ₁

Affiliation

铜绿假单胞菌是自然界中常见的革兰氏阴性细菌，可引起人类严重感染。由于其对抗生素的天然耐药性和生物膜形成的能力，这种病原体的感染可能具有治疗挑战性。在感染过程中，铜绿假单胞菌产生次生代谢物，例如金属载体，在其毒力中发挥重要作用。金属载体是细菌分泌的金属离子螯合分子，从而使它们能够在金属稀缺的条件下在宿主中生存。pyoverdine、pyochelin 和pseudopaline 是铜绿假单胞菌分泌的三种金属载体。pyoverdines 是从周围介质中获取铁的主要铁载体。这些分子清除铁并将其转运到细菌细胞内隔室。绿脓菌素是该细菌产生的另一种铁载体，但含量较低，且其对铁的亲和力低于吡弗定。第三种金属载体，pseudopaline，是一种鸟嘌呤窄谱离子螯合剂，它使铜绿假单胞菌能够特别吸收锌，但也可以运输镍和钴。本综述描述了与这三种金属团相关的所有方面，包括它们的主要特征、生物合成过程、金属负载时的分泌和摄取，以及负责它们合成和分泌的基因调控。

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A Review of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Metallophores: Pyoverdine, Pyochelin and Pseudopaline

P. aeruginosa is a common Gram-negative bacterium found in nature that causes severe infections in humans. As a result of its natural resistance to antibiotics and the ability of biofilm formation, the infection with this pathogen can be therapeutic challenging. During infection, P. aeruginosa produces secondary metabolites such as metallophores that play an important role in their virulence. Metallophores are metal ions chelating molecules secreted by bacteria, thus allowing them to survive in the host under metal scarce conditions. Pyoverdine, pyochelin and pseudopaline are the three metallophores secreted by P. aeruginosa. Pyoverdines are the primary siderophores that acquire iron from the surrounding medium. These molecules scavenge and transport iron to the bacterium intracellular compartment. Pyochelin is another siderophore produced by this bacterium, but in lower quantities and its affinity for iron is less than that of pyoverdine. The third metallophore, pseudopaline, is an opine narrow spectrum ion chelator that enables P. aeruginosa to uptake zinc in particular but can transport nickel and cobalt as well. This review describes all the aspects related to these three metallophore, including their main features, biosynthesis process, secretion and uptake when loaded by metals, in addition to the genetic regulation responsible for their synthesis and secretion.

更新日期：2022-11-28

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