本研究旨在评估槲皮素对马拉硫磷暴露的鲤鱼Cyprinus carpio的生化参数、免疫力和生长性能的保护作用. 六个实验组的方法,包括对照组、暴露于浓度为 1.04 和 2.08 mg/l 马拉硫磷的鱼、补充槲皮素(200 mg/kg 饮食)的鱼,以及用槲皮素 + 马拉硫磷处理 21 天的鱼,考虑用于本实验。结果 喂养期后,肝细胞过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)活性显着降低,而丙二醛(MDA)含量增加对马拉硫磷的反应。暴露于马拉硫磷后,天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST) 和丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT) 活性以及葡萄糖、皮质醇和尿素水平显着升高。鱼类暴露于马拉硫磷会导致蛋白酶、溶菌酶、粘膜中的替代补体 (ACH50) 活性和总免疫球蛋白(总 Ig)。其他参数的变化因马拉硫磷浓度而异。用槲皮素补充鱼类对粘膜溶菌酶和蛋白酶活性的马拉硫磷相关变化没有改善作用。然而,槲皮素改善了马拉硫磷对生化和免疫参数的抑制作用。生长性能和血液学参数的变化表明了马拉硫磷的毒性作用。总之,槲皮素可以有效降低马拉硫磷对鲤鱼生化、免疫和血液学参数的毒性作用。用槲皮素补充鱼类对粘膜溶菌酶和蛋白酶活性的马拉硫磷相关变化没有改善作用。然而,槲皮素改善了马拉硫磷对生化和免疫参数的抑制作用。生长性能和血液学参数的变化表明了马拉硫磷的毒性作用。总之,槲皮素可以有效降低马拉硫磷对鲤鱼生化、免疫和血液学参数的毒性作用。用槲皮素补充鱼类对粘膜溶菌酶和蛋白酶活性的马拉硫磷相关变化没有改善作用。然而,槲皮素改善了马拉硫磷对生化和免疫参数的抑制作用。生长性能和血液学参数的变化表明了马拉硫磷的毒性作用。总之,槲皮素可以有效降低马拉硫磷对鲤鱼生化、免疫和血液学参数的毒性作用。生长性能和血液学参数的变化表明了马拉硫磷的毒性作用。总之,槲皮素可以有效降低马拉硫磷对鲤鱼生化、免疫和血液学参数的毒性作用。生长性能和血液学参数的变化表明了马拉硫磷的毒性作用。总之,槲皮素可以有效降低马拉硫磷对鲤鱼生化、免疫和血液学参数的毒性作用。
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The protective effects of quercetin on the physiological responses in malathion-exposed common carp, Cyprinus carpio
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of quercetin on the biochemical parameters, immunity, and growth performance in malathion-exposed common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The methods six experimental groups, including the control group, fish exposed to concentrations of 1.04 and 2.08 mg/l malathion, fish supplemented with quercetin (200 mg/kg diet), and fish treated with quercetin + malathion for 21 days, were considered for the experiment. After the feeding period, in results the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly decreased in the hepatocyte, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased in response to malathion. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and glucose, cortisol, and urea levels significantly increased after exposure to malathion. Exposure of fish to malathion-induced decreases in protease, lysozyme, and alternative complement (ACH50) activities and total immunoglobulin (total Ig) in the mucosa. Changes in other parameters were different depending on malathion concentrations. The supplementation of fish with quercetin had no ameliorating effect on the malathion-related alternations of mucosal lysozyme and protease activities. However, quercetin ameliorated the depressing effects of malathion on biochemical and immunological parameters. Changes in the growth performance and hematological parameters indicated the toxic effect of malathion. In conclusion, quercetin could efficiently reduce the toxic effects of malathion on the biochemical, immune, and hematological parameters of the common carp.