生物炭施用对土壤一氧化二氮排放的遗留影响,Global Change Biology Bioenergy

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生物炭施用对土壤一氧化二氮排放的遗留影响
Global Change Biology Bioenergy ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-12-15 , DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.13022
Shumin Guo ₁ , Jie Wu ₁ , Zhaoqiang Han ₁ , Zhutao Li ₁ , Pinshang Xu ₁ , Shuwei Liu _{1,

2} , Jinyang Wang _{1,

2} , Jianwen Zou _{1,

2}

Affiliation

现有研究表明，施用生物炭可以减少土壤一氧化二氮 (N ₂ O) 的排放，主要基于短期结果。然而，在单次应用生物炭多年后，对 N ₂ O 排放的影响（即遗留影响）和潜在机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们从 7 年前在亚热带茶园中未施用和施用生物炭的地块收集了完整的土壤柱，用于孵化实验。我们使用 N ₂ O 同位素分析结合氨氧化剂特异性抑制剂和分子生物学方法来研究生物炭的遗留效应如何影响土壤 N ₂ O 排放。结果表明，存在生物炭的土壤具有较低的 N ₂O 排放量比控制组尽管在统计上微不足道。_{生物炭在减少 N 2} O 排放方面的遗留效应可能归因于土壤基质、硝化和反硝化活动的有效性降低，以及促进 N ₂ O的进一步减少。生物炭的遗留效应降低了硝化反硝化/细菌反硝化、与硝化相关的 N ₂ O 生产以及参与氮循环的几种微生物的相对丰度。_{我们的全球荟萃分析还表明，N 2}的减少生物炭的 O2 随着施用率的增加而增加，但随着实验时间的增加而减少甚至可能逆转。总之，我们的研究结果表明，生物炭对土壤 N ₂ O 排放的减排能力在应用生物炭后可能会随着时间的推移而减弱，但这仍有待进一步研究。

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The legacy effect of biochar application on soil nitrous oxide emissions

Existing studies suggest that biochar application can reduce soil nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, mainly based on short-term results. However, it remains unclear what the effects (i.e., legacy effects) and underlying mechanisms are on N₂O emissions after many years of a single application of biochar. Here, we collected intact soil columns from plots without and with biochar application in a subtropical tea plantation 7 years ago for an incubation experiment. We used the N₂O isotopocule analysis combined with ammonia oxidizer-specific inhibitors and molecular biology approaches to investigate how the legacy effect of biochar affected soil N₂O emissions. Results showed that the soil in the presence of biochar had lower N₂O emissions than the control albeit statistically insignificant. The legacy effect of biochar in decreasing N₂O emissions may be attributed to the reduced effectiveness of the soil substrate, nitrification and denitrification activities, and the promotion of the further reduction of N₂O. The legacy effect of biochar reduced the relative contribution of nitrifier denitrification/bacterial denitrification, nitrification-related N₂O production, and the relative abundance of several microorganisms involved in the nitrogen cycle. Our global meta-analysis also showed that the reduction of N₂O by biochar increased with increasing application rate but diminished and possibly even reversed with increasing experimental time. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the abatement capacity of biochar on soil N₂O emissions may weaken over time after biochar application, but this remains under further investigation.

更新日期：2022-12-15

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