Steel production is considered as one of the major backbones of many economies. Though blast furnace is the primary route of steel production, the industries are willing to alternatives technologies such as the high temperature-controlled conversion of hematite to magnetite. The geological and mineralogical characteristics of the low-grade iron ores possess difficulties in their conventional enrichment. The literature concludes the advantages of high-temperature conversion in terms of easiness in downstream operations caused by decreased hardness and increased magnetic susceptibility of magnetite. The modelling work has been primarily focused on the direct reduction of iron ore to metallic iron. The present compilation discusses the scientific and engineering developments on the reduction-roasting of iron-ore followed by the CFD–DEM modelling and simulation work performed to reduce iron ore to magnetite. It provides a comprehensive review of the experimental and industrial progress done in the area.

中文翻译：

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流化床反应器赤铁矿制磁铁矿化学还原模型综述

钢铁生产被认为是许多经济体的主要支柱之一。虽然高炉是钢铁生产的主要途径，但工业界愿意采用替代技术，例如将赤铁矿高温控制转化为磁铁矿。低品位铁矿石的地质和矿物特征使其常规富集存在困难。文献总结了高温转化的优点，即磁铁矿的硬度降低和磁化率增加导致下游操作容易。建模工作主要集中在将铁矿石直接还原为金属铁。本汇编讨论了铁矿石还原焙烧的科学和工程发展，以及随后为将铁矿石还原为磁铁矿而进行的 CFD-DEM 建模和模拟工作。它全面回顾了该地区的实验和工业进展。