Hybrid semiconductor–superconductor devices hold great promise for realizing topological quantum computing with Majorana zero modes^1,2,3,4,5. However, multiple claims of Majorana detection, based on either tunnelling^6,7,8,9,10 or Coulomb blockade (CB) spectroscopy^11,12, remain disputed. Here we devise an experimental protocol that allows us to perform both types of measurement on the same hybrid island by adjusting its charging energy via tunable junctions to the normal leads. This method reduces ambiguities of Majorana detections by checking the consistency between CB spectroscopy and zero-bias peaks in non-blockaded transport. Specifically, we observe junction-dependent, even–odd modulated, single-electron CB peaks in InAs/Al hybrid nanowires without concomitant low-bias peaks in tunnelling spectroscopy. We provide a theoretical interpretation of the experimental observations in terms of low-energy, longitudinally confined island states rather than overlapping Majorana modes. Our results highlight the importance of combined measurements on the same device for the identification of topological Majorana zero modes.

混合半导体-超导体器件在实现马约拉纳零模式^1,2,3,4,5 的拓扑量子计算方面前景广阔。然而，基于隧道^{6、7、8、9、10} 或库仑封锁 （CB） 光谱^11、12 的马约拉纳探测的多种说法仍然存在争议。在这里，我们设计了一个实验协议，允许我们通过可调结调整其充电能量到正常引线，从而在同一个混合岛上执行两种类型的测量。该方法通过检查 CB 光谱与非封闭传输中零偏倚峰之间的一致性来减少马约拉纳检测的模糊性。具体来说，我们在 InAs/Al 杂化纳米线中观察到结依赖性、偶奇调制、单电子 CB 峰，而在隧道光谱中没有伴随的低偏置峰。我们从低能量、纵向受限的岛屿国家而不是重叠的马约拉纳模式的角度对实验观测进行了理论解释。我们的结果强调了在同一设备上进行组合测量对于识别拓扑马约拉纳零模式的重要性。