Due to its proximity to Tehran, the Hashtgerd catchment in Iran is an important region that has experienced alarming subsidence rates in recent years. This study estimated the ground surface deformation in the Hashtgerd plain between 2015 and 2020 using Sentinel-1 SAR data and InSAR technique. The average LOS displacement of the ascending and descending tracks was − 23 cm/year and − 22 cm/year, respectively. The central area of the plain experienced the greatest vertical subsidence, with a more than − 100 cm cumulative displacement. The Karaj-Qazvin railway and highway that pass through this area have been damaged by subsidence, according to an analysis of profiles drawn along the transportation lines. The southern sections of Hashtgerd city have experienced a total displacement of − 30 cm/year over the course of about 6 years. The relationship between changes in groundwater level and subsidence rate in this region was examined using piezometer and precipitation data. Geoelectric sections and piezometric well logs were also utilized to investigate the geological characteristics of the Hashtgerd aquifer. According to the findings, the leading causes of subsidence were uncontrolled groundwater abstraction. This research highlights the need to comprehend the spatial distribution of confined aquifers and their effect on subsidence, which can aid in the development of a suitable management strategy to restore these aquifers.

由于靠近德黑兰，伊朗的 Hashtgerd 集水区是近年来沉降率惊人的重要地区。本研究使用 Sentinel-1 SAR 数据和 InSAR 技术估算了 2015 年至 2020 年间 Hashtgerd 平原的地表变形。上升和下降轨道的平均 LOS 位移分别为 - 23 厘米/年和 - 22 厘米/年。平原中部垂直沉降最大，累积位移超过-100 cm。根据沿运输线绘制的剖面图分析，穿过该地区的卡拉季-加兹温铁路和高速公路已因沉降而受损。在大约 6 年的时间里，Hashtgerd 市南部的总位移为 − 30 厘米/年。使用测压计和降水数据检查了该地区地下水位变化与沉降率之间的关系。地电剖面和测压测井曲线也被用于调查 Hashtgerd 含水层的地质特征。根据调查结果，沉降的主要原因是不受控制的地下水抽取。这项研究强调了了解承压含水层的空间分布及其对沉降的影响的必要性，这有助于制定合适的管理策略来恢复这些含水层。地电剖面和测压测井曲线也被用于调查 Hashtgerd 含水层的地质特征。根据调查结果，沉降的主要原因是不受控制的地下水抽取。这项研究强调了了解承压含水层的空间分布及其对沉降的影响的必要性，这有助于制定合适的管理策略来恢复这些含水层。地电剖面和测压测井曲线也被用于调查 Hashtgerd 含水层的地质特征。根据调查结果，沉降的主要原因是不受控制的地下水抽取。这项研究强调了了解承压含水层的空间分布及其对沉降的影响的必要性，这有助于制定合适的管理策略来恢复这些含水层。