The objective of this study was to assess the influence of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) on the vertical distribution of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in forest soil. Soil samples were taken from six beech- and six spruce-dominated mature (80–100-year-old) forest stands. In total, 420 composite soil samples were collected from the organic horizons, and at depths of 0–2, 2–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm in the mineral soil, of 84 plots in a hexagonal sampling design. A direct influence of forest type was confirmed for Zn, which showed increased soil accumulation under beech. In spruce stand soils, Zn is likely to have leached more due to lower pH levels. While a minor influence of tree species on the vertical distribution of Cd, Cu and Pb was also confirmed, particularly as regards accumulation in the F + H layer of spruce stands, the results suggest a more dominant effect of other site-specific conditions at the scale studied, such as topography and atmospheric deposition, despite homogenous forest stand conditions. Furthermore, the C:N ratio had a significant impact on both Cd and Cu content, regardless of forest type, highlighting the importance of specific site conditions for driving decomposition of organic matter, a primary factor affecting Cd and Cu mobility in soil.

本研究的目的是评估欧洲山毛榉 ( Fagus sylvatica L.) 和挪威云杉 ( Picea abies)的影响(L.) H. Karst.) 对森林土壤中 Cd、Cu、Pb 和 Zn 垂直分布的影响。土壤样本取自六个山毛榉和六个云杉为主的成熟（80-100 岁）林分。总共从 84 个地块的六边形采样设计中，从有机层和矿质土壤中 0-2、2-10、10-20 和 20-30 厘米的深度收集了 420 个复合土壤样品。证实了森林类型对锌的直接影响，表明山毛榉下的土壤积累增加。在云杉林土壤中，由于 pH 值较低，锌可能流失得更多。虽然树种对 Cd、Cu 和 Pb 的垂直分布的影响很小，特别是在云杉林 F + H 层的积累方面，但结果表明其他特定地点条件的影响更为显着规模研究，例如地形和大气沉降，尽管森林林分条件相同。此外，无论森林类型如何，C:N 比对 Cd 和 Cu 含量都有显着影响，突出了特定立地条件对驱动有机质分解的重要性，这是影响 Cd 和 Cu 在土壤中流动的主要因素。