Applying dynamic equilibrium theory (DET), we examined the temporal dynamics between role overload and three health behaviors (sleep, diet, physical activity). Participants (N = 781) completed five surveys, with 1-month lag between assessments, and the data were analyzed using general cross-lagged panel modeling (GCLM). Results indicated that people had stable health behavior patterns (i.e., there were strong unit effects) that were related to stable role overload patterns (i.e., the chronic role overload and health behavior factors were significantly related). Furthermore, while monthly increases (impulses) in role overload had a negative effect on health behaviors concurrently, health behaviors quickly adapted or regressed back toward previous levels (i.e., there were weak autoregressive and cross-lagged effects after accounting for chronic factors). Impulse response functions were created to show the specific proportion of the initial impulse effect that persisted on each health behavior over time. The results of these response functions indicated that diet and physical activity regressed back to previous levels within 1 month, whereas sleep regressed back to previous levels within 2 months. Collectively, our results suggest that people engage in fairly stable patterns of health behaviors and that these patterns are partly determined by chronic role overload. Our results also suggest that people are generally resilient to temporary changes in role overload, such that the resulting immediate changes in behavior do not persist or become habitual. These results underscore the strength of habits and the resistance to health behavior change, as well as provide support for the use of GCLM for studying DET. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

工作压力源与健康行为之间的时间动态。

应用动态平衡理论 (DET)，我们研究了角色超载与三种健康行为（睡眠、饮食、身体活动）之间的时间动态。参与者 (N = 781) 完成了五项调查，评估之间有 1 个月的滞后，并使用一般交叉滞后面板模型 (GCLM) 对数据进行了分析。结果表明，人们具有稳定的健康行为模式（即，有很强的单位效应），这些行为模式与稳定的角色超载模式（即，慢性角色超载和健康行为因素显着相关）相关。此外，虽然角色超载的每月增加（冲动）同时对健康行为产生负面影响，但健康行为迅速适应或回归到以前的水平（即，考虑到慢性因素后，存在微弱的自回归和交叉滞后效应）。创建脉冲响应函数是为了显示随着时间的推移持续存在于每种健康行为的初始脉冲效应的特定比例。这些反应函数的结果表明，饮食和身体活动在 1 个月内恢复到以前的水平，而睡眠在 2 个月内恢复到以前的水平。总的来说，我们的结果表明人们从事相当稳定的健康行为模式，并且这些模式部分是由慢性角色超负荷决定的。我们的结果还表明，人们通常对角色超负荷的临时变化具有弹性，因此由此产生的行为立即变化不会持续存在或成为习惯。这些结果强调了习惯的力量和健康行为改变的阻力，并为使用 GCLM 研究 DET 提供了支持。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。