二维纳米材料模板复合材料,Accounts of Chemical Research

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二维纳米材料模板复合材料
Accounts of Chemical Research ( IF 16.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-12-07 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00579
Zhenyu Shi ₁ , Yiyao Ge ₁ , Qinbai Yun ₁ , Hua Zhang _{1,

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Affiliation

自 2004 年获得机械剥离石墨烯以来，二维 (2D) 纳米材料引起了越来越多的研究兴趣。二维纳米材料的超薄厚度和相对较大的横向尺寸赋予它们各种有趣的特性，例如引人注目的电子特性、超高比表面积、出色的机械性能属性等等。范围广泛的二维纳米材料，包括石墨烯及其衍生物、过渡金属二硫化物 (TMD)、金属等。, 已经制备了不同的成分、结构和（晶）相。同时，广泛的研究工作致力于探索这些具有增强性能的二维纳米材料的潜在应用。两种或多种纳米材料的杂交制备新型复合材料可以有效地整合各个组件的优势，从而优化它们在特定应用中的性能。在各种杂交方法中，模板合成法，即，使用预合成的纳米材料作为模板来指导二级纳米结构的生长，提供了一种制备具有高可控性的复合材料的有效方法。二维纳米材料超薄的厚度、大的比表面积和多样的理化性质使其成为构建具有所需结构、性能和功能的复合材料的理想模板。到目前为止，各种二维纳米材料已被用作模板来生长不同种类的纳米材料，包括金属、金属氧化物、金属硫族化物、金属有机骨架（MOF）等。, 形成二维纳米材料模板复合材料，在各种应用中显示出潜力。在这篇文章中，我们首先简要介绍了二维纳米材料的一般研究背景以及制备二维纳米材料模板复合材料的动机。然后我们总结了我们在二维纳米材料模板复合材料方面的进展和其他一些代表性工作，特别强调了石墨烯模板复合材料、二维 TMD 模板复合材料和二维金属模板复合材料。具体而言，描述了以石墨烯为模板的零维 (0D)、一维 (1D) 和二维复合材料以及新兴的以石墨烯为模板的范德瓦尔斯异质结构的代表性示例。随后，还介绍了典型的二维 TMD 模板复合材料，例如金属氧化物、金属和金属硫族化物。此外，我们介绍了二维金属模板复合材料，并强调二维金属模板的晶相可以在异质结构的受控合成中发挥重要作用。还介绍了使用二维金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物、金属硫化物和 MOF 作为模板构建的其他复合材料。之后，我们展示了二维纳米材料模板复合材料的潜在应用，包括电催化、电子设备、电池等。最后，在简要总结之后，还提出了我们对这一新兴领域面临的挑战和未来研究方向的个人见解。还介绍了金属硫化物和 MOF 作为模板。之后，我们展示了二维纳米材料模板复合材料的潜在应用，包括电催化、电子设备、电池等。最后，在简要总结之后，还提出了我们对这一新兴领域面临的挑战和未来研究方向的个人见解。还介绍了金属硫化物和 MOF 作为模板。之后，我们展示了二维纳米材料模板复合材料的潜在应用，包括电催化、电子设备、电池等。最后，在简要总结之后，还提出了我们对这一新兴领域面临的挑战和未来研究方向的个人见解。

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Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial-Templated Composites

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have attracted increasing research interest since mechanically exfoliated graphene was obtained in 2004. The ultrathin thickness and relatively large lateral size of 2D nanomaterials render them various intriguing properties such as compelling electronic properties, ultrahigh specific surface area, excellent mechanical properties, and so on. A wide range of 2D nanomaterials, including graphene and its derivatives, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), metals, etc., have been prepared with different compositions, structures and (crystal) phases. Simultaneously, extensive research efforts have been devoted to exploring the potential applications of these 2D nanomaterials with enhanced performances. Hybridization of two or more nanomaterials to prepare novel composites could efficiently integrate the advantages of the individual components and thus optimize their performances for specific applications. Among various hybridization approaches, the templated synthesis method, i.e., using a presynthesized nanomaterial as a template to direct the growth of a secondary nanostructure, provides an efficient way to prepare composites with high controllability. The ultrathin thickness, large specific surface area, and versatile physiochemical properties of 2D nanomaterials make them ideal templates for constructing composites with desired structures, properties, and functions. Until now, various 2D nanomaterials have been used as templates to grow different kinds of nanomaterials, including metals, metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), etc., to form 2D nanomaterial-templated composites that show potentials in various applications. In this Account, we first briefly introduce the general research background of 2D nanomaterials and the motivation for the preparation of 2D nanomaterial-templated composites. Then we summarize our progress and some other representative work on 2D nanomaterial-templated composites, with a particular emphasis on graphene-templated composites, 2D TMD-templated composites, and 2D metal-templated composites. Specifically, representative examples of the graphene-templated zero-dimensional (0D), one-dimensional (1D), and 2D composites and the emerging graphene-templated van der Waals heterostructures are described. Subsequently, typical 2D TMD-templated composites such as metal oxides, metals, and metal chalcogenides are also presented. In addition, we introduce 2D metal-templated composites and highlight that the crystal phase of the 2D metal template can play an important role in the controlled synthesis of heterostructures. Other composites constructed using 2D metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal sulfides, and MOFs as templates are also introduced. After that, we demonstrate the potential applications of 2D nanomaterial-templated composites, including electrocatalysis, electronic devices, batteries, and so on. Finally, after a brief summary, our personal insights on the challenges and future research directions in this emerging field are also proposed.

更新日期：2022-12-07

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