Treating MS has been difficult. One successful drug is Ocrelizumab (anti-CD20), used for the chronic relapsing MS (RMS) and the progressive MS (PMS) forms. TH40 cells are pathogenic effector T cells that increase in percentage and numbers during chronic inflammation. Here we show that in the earliest MS course, clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), TH40 cells expand in number. In PMS TH40 cell numbers remain expanded demonstrating sustained chronic inflammation. In RMS TH40 cells were found in CSF and express CD20. Ocrelizumab reduced TH40 cells to healthy control levels in patients. During treatment inflammatory cytokine producing TH40 cells were decreased.

治疗多发性硬化症一直很困难。一种成功的药物是 Ocrelizumab（抗 CD20），用于治疗慢性复发性多发性硬化症 (RMS) 和进行性多发性硬化症 (PMS)。 TH40 细胞是致病性效应 T 细胞，在慢性炎症期间百分比和数量会增加。在这里，我们表明，在最早的多发性硬化症病程，即临床孤立综合征 (CIS) 中，TH40 细胞数量增多。在经前综合症中，TH40 细胞数量保持扩张，表明持续的慢性炎症。在 RMS 中，在 CSF 中发现了 TH40 细胞并表达 CD20。 Ocrelizumab 将患者的 TH40 细胞降低至健康对照水平。治疗期间，产生炎症细胞因子的 TH40 细胞减少。