Uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth and dead Li accumulation will seriously reduce coulombic efficiency, shorten the cycle life and cause great safety hazards, which are the main reason that restricts the further development of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, an ultrathin Zn-BDC metal-organic framework nanosheets functionalized polyacrylonitrile (Zn-BDC/PAN@PAN) composite separator is prepared via an electrospinning combined with electrospraying technique for inhibiting dendrite growth and achieving high-performance lithium batteries. Introduction of Zn-BDC/PAN skin layer not only immobilizes anions, increases the ionic conductivity and Li⁺ transfer number (0.68), but also makes pore size distribution uniform and homogenizes Li⁺ flux. These advantages enable Zn-BDC/PAN@PAN separator to achieve a stable Li plating/stripping behavior over 1000 h at 2 mA cm⁻² with a low voltage polarization difference only about 10 mV, and the Li metal after the cycle displays a dense and smooth surface with no obvious dendrite growth, further confirming that the Zn-BDC/PAN@PAN separator can inhibit Li dendrites growth. Furthermore, the assembled Li/LiFePO₄ battery also shows stable cycle performance with a discharge capacity of 142.2 mA h g⁻¹ after 300th cycle and high rate capability (121.3 mA h g⁻¹ at 10C), indicating that the promising application of the composite separator in constructing dendrite-free LMBs. This work provides a feasible strategy to enhance the cell performance of LMBs through Li⁺ flux regulation.

不受控制的锂枝晶生长和死锂积累将严重降低库仑效率，缩短循环寿命并造成极大的安全隐患，是制约锂金属电池（LMBs）进一步发展的主要原因。在此，通过静电纺丝结合电喷雾技术制备超薄 Zn-BDC 金属有机骨架纳米片功能化聚丙烯腈 (Zn-BDC/PAN@PAN) 复合隔膜，以抑制枝晶生长并实现高性能锂电池。Zn-BDC/PAN皮层的引入不仅固定了阴离子，提高了离子电导率和Li ⁺转移数（0.68），而且使孔径分布均匀，使Li ^+均匀化通量。^{这些优势使得Zn-BDC/PAN@PAN隔膜能够在2 mA cm -2}下实现超过1000 h的稳定Li沉积/剥离行为，低电压极化差仅为10 mV左右，循环后的Li金属呈现致密表面光滑，没有明显的枝晶生长，进一步证实了Zn-BDC/PAN@PAN隔膜可以抑制锂枝晶的生长。此外，组装的Li/LiFePO ₄电池还表现出稳定的循环性能，在第300次循环后的放电容量为142.2 mA h g ^-1和高倍率能力（121.3 mA h g ^-1at 10C), 表明复合隔膜在构建无枝晶 LMBs 中具有广阔的应用前景。^{这项工作提供了一种可行的策略，通过调节 Li +}通量来提高 LMBs 的电池性能。